Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes : JAIDS
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy of an HIV intervention in reducing high-risk human papillomavirus, nonviral sexually transmitted infections, and concurrency among African American women: a randomized-controlled trial.
This trial evaluated the efficacy of an HIV-intervention condition, relative to a health-promotion condition, in reducing incidence of nonviral sexually transmitted infections (STIs; Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis), oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, sexual concurrency, and other HIV-associated behaviors over a 12-month period. ⋯ This is the first trial to demonstrate that an HIV intervention can achieve reductions in nonviral STIs, high-risk HPV, and individual concurrency.
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA randomized, double-blind comparison of coformulated elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF vs ritonavir-boosted atazanavir plus coformulated emtricitabine and tenofovir DF for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection: analysis of week 96 results.
This ongoing, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled phase 3 international trial demonstrated the noninferior efficacy of elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF (EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF) compared with atazanavir boosted by ritonavir (ATV/RTV) plus emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) at 48 weeks. Here, we report the week 96 results. Of 708 treated subjects, virological success (Food and Drug Administration snapshot) was maintained at week 96 with EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF and ATV/RTV + FTC/TDF (83% vs 82%, difference 1.1%, 95% confidence interval -4.5% to 6.7%). ⋯ Median increases from baseline in serum Cr (mg/dL) in EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF vs ATV/RTV + FTC/TDF at week 96 (0.12 vs 0.08) were similar to those at week 48 (0.12 vs 0.08). EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF showed similar mean decreases (%) in bone mineral density from baseline vs ATV/RTV + FTC/TDF (hip: -3.16 vs -4.19, P = 0.069; spine: -1.96 vs -3.54, P = 0.049). Overall, week 96 results support durable efficacy and safety of EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF in HIV-1-infected patients.
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Feb 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized, double-blind, controlled study of NGX-4010, a capsaicin 8% dermal patch, for the treatment of painful HIV-associated distal sensory polyneuropathy.
Effective treatment of HIV-associated distal sensory polyneuropathy remains a significant unmet therapeutic need. ⋯ Although the primary endpoint analyses were not significant, trends toward pain improvement were observed after a single 30-minute NGX-4010 treatment.
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialIncreased risk of severe infant anemia after exposure to maternal HAART, Botswana.
Maternal highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces mother-to-child HIV transmission but may increase the risk for infant anemia. ⋯ Exposure to maternal HAART starting in utero was associated with severe infant anemia. Confirmation of this finding and possible strategies to mitigate hematologic toxicity warrant further study.
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialHIV partner notification is effective and feasible in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities for HIV treatment and prevention.
Sexual partners of persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection require HIV counseling, testing and, if necessary, evaluation for therapy. However, many African countries do not have a standardized protocol for partner notification, and the effectiveness of partner notification has not been evaluated in developing countries . ⋯ This study provides the first evidence of the effectiveness of partner notification in sub-Saharan Africa. Active partner notification was feasible, acceptable, and effective among sexually transmitted infections clinic patients. Partner notification will increase early referral to care and facilitate risk reduction among high-risk uninfected partners.