Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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In a small radioligand-binding study of cutaneous α1 -adrenoceptors in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), signal intensity was greater in the CRPS-affected limb than in controls. However, it was not possible to localize heightened expression of α1 -adrenoceptors to nerves, sweat glands, blood vessels, or keratinocytes using this technique. ⋯ Epidermal cells influence nociception by releasing ligands that act on sensory nerve fibers. Moreover, an increased expression of α1 -adrenoceptors on nociceptive afferents has been shown to aggravate neuropathic pain. Thus, the heightened expression of α1 -adrenoceptors in dermal nerves and epidermal cells might augment pain and neuroinflammatory disturbances after tissue injury in patients with CRPS type I.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Operating characteristics of PROMIS four-item depression and anxiety scales in primary care patients with chronic pain.
Depression and anxiety are prevalent in patients with chronic pain and adversely affect pain, quality of life, and treatment response. The purpose of this psychometric study was to determine the reliability and validity of the four-item Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) depression and anxiety scales in patients with chronic pain. ⋯ The PROMIS four-item depression and anxiety scales are reasonable options as ultra-brief measures for screening in patients with chronic pain.
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The objective of this narrative review was to examine recent evidence and, when necessary, past evidence on the association between pain and suicidality. ⋯ These studies solidify the evidence for an association between pain and SI, SA, and SC in both CPPs and other than APPs/CPPs.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
The avoidance of activities due to fear of falling contributes to sedentary behavior among community-dwelling older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a multisite observational study.
Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior (SB) are leading causes of mortality. We investigated if older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) are more sedentary than a group of similar age and sex without CMP and possible contributory factors to this. ⋯ Older adults with CMP are significantly more sedentary than those of a similar sex and age without CMP. It appears that the avoidance of activities due to fear of falling is a significant contributory factor to SB in older adults with CMP.