Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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To study the role of microRNA-873 (miR-873) in suppressing morphine-induced macrophage apoptosis and morphine dependence, and to identify molecular targets within the miR-873 pathway for the treatment of immune suppression and morphine addiction. ⋯ Our results show that miR-873 elevates A20 levels and inhibits morphine-induced macrophage apoptosis.
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Letter Case Reports
Aminophylline Injection Alleviates Pain in Postdural Puncture Headache.
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Epidural blood patches (EBP) are rarely performed at the cervical levels, primarily due to fear of neurological complications such as spinal cord compression. We reviewed the literature to provide an evidence-based review of performance of cervical EBPs, with a specific focus on indication, technique, safety, and efficacy. ⋯ Our review provides Class II level of evidence that cervical EBPs are safe and effective in reliving positional headache due to CSF leak.