Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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To assess CYP2D6 genotype prevalence in chronic pain patients treated with tramadol or codeine. ⋯ Genotyping can facilitate personalized pain management with opioids, as specific alleles are related to decreased efficacy and adverse effects.
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To compare physical, sensory, and psychosocial factors between individuals with greater trochanteric pain syndrome and controls and to explore factors associated with pain and disability. ⋯ Patients with greater trochanteric pain syndrome exhibited poorer health-related quality of life, physical impairments, widespread hyperalgesia, and greater psychological distress than healthy controls. Physical and psychological factors were associated with pain and disability.
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For most patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP), the cause is "nonspecific," meaning there is no clear association between pain and identifiable pathology of the spine or associated tissues. Laypersons and providers alike are less inclined to help, feel less sympathy, dislike patients more, suspect deception, and attribute lower pain severity to patients whose pain does not have an objective basis in tissue pathology. Because of these stigmatizing responses from others, patients with cLBP may feel that their pain is particularly unjust and unfair. These pain-related injustice perceptions may subsequently contribute to greater cLBP severity. The purpose of this study was to examine whether perceived injustice helps explain the relationship between chronic pain stigma and movement-evoked pain severity among individuals with cLBP. ⋯ These results suggest that perceived injustice may be a means through which chronic pain stigma impacts nonspecific cLBP severity and physical function.
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Although past research has identified differences in pain between non-Latino white (NLW) and Latino persons, few studies have focused on the influence of social support. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the association between the number of social support sources and ratings of pain intensity and pain interference differed as a function of ethnicity. ⋯ These findings suggest important differences between NLW and Latino Iraq and Afghanistan veterans in the association between social support and pain. Future research should examine ethnic differences in pain-specific support received from the social environment.
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To evaluate the ultrasonographic findings obtained following various degrees of elbow flexion in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS). ⋯ Measurement of the distance between the ME and ulnar nerve in full elbow extension may facilitate the diagnosis of patients with CuTS. These findings may be important for CuTS diagnosis, as they were also observed in patients with mild-stage CuTS.