Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled comparison of botulinum toxin type a injection sites and doses in the prevention of episodic migraine.
Several randomized, controlled studies have reported benefits of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA; Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA, USA) over placebo in the treatment of migraine. Some studies reported significant benefits at dosages as low as 16 U, while other studies reported safety, tolerability, and efficacy at dosages up to 260 U. However, the optimal treatment paradigm and patient population have yet to be defined. ⋯ In this exploratory study of episodic migraine patients, low-dose injections of BoNTA into the frontal, temporal, and/or glabellar muscle regions were not more effective than placebo. BoNTA was safe and well tolerated. Future studies may examine higher BoNTA doses, flexible injection sites, multiple treatments, and disallow concomitant prophylactic medications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Duloxetine for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain: response profile.
The current analysis examines the response profile in patients receiving duloxetine for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). ⋯ Patients with DPNP receiving duloxetine 60 mg QD or 60 mg BID had significantly higher rates of treatment response, when compared with patients receiving placebo, regardless of the chosen response criterion. Response to duloxetine treatment tended to occur early in therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Duloxetine for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain: evaluation of functional outcomes.
To assess the effectiveness of duloxetine, compared with placebo, on patient-reported health outcomes over a 12-week period, in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). ⋯ Acute treatment with duloxetine was associated with significant improvement in functional outcomes in persons with DPNP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of pre- and postoperative oral dextromethorphan for reduction of intra- and 24-hour postoperative morphine consumption for transabdominal hysterectomy.
We studied the effect of dextromethorphan (DEX), an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, on analgesic consumption and pain scores after abdominal hysterectomy. We aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness and incidence of adverse side effects of oral DEX with placebo (P). ⋯ During PACU, however, there were two differences between the DEX and placebo groups: 1) a lower pain score at PACU; and 2) a prolonged time to the first use of morphine at PACU in the DEX group as compared with the placebo group. A low-dose DEX had a weaker though still measurable effect in this clinical trial compared with trials using higher doses.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current in primary dysmenorrhea.
To compare the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current in primary dysmenorrhea. ⋯ Both transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current appear to be effective in primary dysmenorrhea. As they are free from the potentially adverse effects of analgesics, and no adverse effects are reported in the literature nor observed in this study, a clinical trial of their effectiveness in comparison with untreated and placebo-treated control groups is warranted.