Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials
-
Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. · Jun 2018
Observational StudyVonoprazan-based triple therapy is non-inferior to susceptibility-guided proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
All Helicobacter pylori-infected patients are recommended for eradication with an appropriate regimen in each geographic area. The choice of the therapy is somewhat dependent on the antimicrobial susceptibility. The rate of clarithromycin resistance has been increasing and is associated with failure; thus, susceptibility testing is recommended before triple therapy with clarithromycin. However, antimicrobial susceptibility testing is not yet clinically available and an alternative newly developed acid inhibitor vonoprazan is used for triple therapy in Japan. The aim of this study was to determine whether vonoprazan-based triple therapy is plausible treatment in H. pylori eradication. ⋯ Vonoprazan-based triple therapy was effective as susceptibility-guided triple therapy for H. pylori eradication. An empirical triple therapy with vonoprazan is preferable even in area with high rates of clarithromycin-resistance. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered in University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000032351).
-
Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. · Jun 2018
Infectious disease burden and antibiotic prescribing in primary care in Israel.
Antibiotics are frequently prescribed at many of the visits to primary care clinics, often for conditions for which they provide no benefit, including viral respiratory tract infections. ⋯ Infectious diseases constitute a heavy burden on primary care, with overprescribing of antibiotics. Intervention to reduce unwarranted antibiotic use is needed. In pediatric care, interventions should focus on better controlling antibiotic consumption and encouraging adherence to guidelines for upper respiratory tract infections, pharyngitis, and otitis media. In adults interventions should aim to monitor antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections and improve adherence to guidelines for urinary tract infections.
-
Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. · Mar 2018
Factors associated to prevalence and treatment of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections: a seven years retrospective study in three tertiary care hospitals.
The increasing incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), has resulted in a difficult problem in the current clinical anti-infective treatment. We performed a retrospective analysis of prevalence and treatment for CRE infections patients. ⋯ We identified a large number of cases of CRE infection in 7 years from different parts, most of these pathogens have been confirmed to produce IMP-type carbapenemases. The retrospective analysis of cases of such bacterial infections will help to control future infections of these pathogens. Despite the high mortality rate, we still found that the selection of quinolone antibiotics can be effective in the treatment of CRE producing IMP type enzymes.
-
Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. · Nov 2017
Molecular characterization of β-lactamase genes in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen which is establishing as a major cause of morbidity and mortality within the healthcare community. The success of this pathogen is largely due to its ability to rapidly gain resistance to antimicrobial therapies and its capability to persist in an abiotic environment through the production of a biofilm. Our tertiary-care hospital has showed high incidence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates. ⋯ This study provides a longitudinal genetic and phenotypic survey of two CRAB sequence types, and suggests how their differing phenotypes may interact with the selective pressures of a hospital setting effecting strain dominance over a 5-year period.
-
Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. · Jul 2017
Antimicrobial susceptibility among Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms collected from the Latin American region between 2004 and 2015 as part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial.
The in vitro activity of tigecycline and comparator agents was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates collected in Latin American centers between 2004 and 2015 as part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (T.E.S.T.) global surveillance study. ⋯ This study of isolates from Latin America shows that linezolid, vancomycin and tigecycline continue to be active in vitro against important Gram-positive organisms such as MRSA, and that susceptibility rates to meropenem and tigecycline against members of the Enterobacteriaceae, including ESBL-producers, were high. However, we report that Latin America has high rates of MRSA, MDR A. baumannii and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae which require continued monitoring.