São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness and safety of endotracheal tube cuffs filled with air versus filled with alkalinized lidocaine: a randomized clinical trial.
High intracuff pressure in endotracheal tubes (ETs) may cause tracheal lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endotracheal tube cuffs filled with air or with alkalinized lidocaine. ⋯ ET cuffs filled with alkalinized lidocaine prevented the occurrence of high cuff pressures during N2O anesthesia and reduced ET discomfort and postoperative sore throat incidence. Thus, alkalinized lidocaine-filled ET cuffs seem to be safer than conventional air-filled ET cuffs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of estriol in inhibiting epithelial proliferation in mammary fibroadenoma: randomized clinical trial.
Mammary fibroadenoma is a disease that affects a large number of women of reproductive age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferative activity of mammary fibroadenoma through expression of Ki-67 and c-myc antigens, following administration of oral contraceptive with or without estriol. ⋯ Our results showed that there was no significant statistical difference in Ki-67 and c-myc expression between our study groups, but only a tendency towards higher expression among users of oral contraceptives containing estriol.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of oral contraceptive with and without associated estriol on ultrasound measurements of breast fibroadenoma: randomized clinical trial.
Fibroadenomas are the most common benign tumors of the female breast. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferative activity of breast fibroadenoma as shown by ultrasound measurements, following administration of oral contraceptives with and without associated estriol. ⋯ The results confirm that estriol may block the protective effect of oral contraceptives on fibroadenomas, since we observed decreased fibroadenoma width among the group 1 patients but not the group 2 patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impact of supervised physiotherapeutic pelvic floor exercises for treating female stress urinary incontinence.
Urinary incontinence is a public health problem that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. Stress incontinence is the most prevalent type. Pelvic floor muscle exercises have been used for treating it, although there is no consensus regarding their application. The aim of this study was to compare the results from treating female stress urinary incontinence with pelvic floor muscle exercises with or without physiotherapist supervision. ⋯ Supervised pelvic floor muscle exercises presented better results in objective and subjective evaluations than did unsupervised exercises.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Early dexamethasone treatment for septic shock patients: a prospective randomized clinical trial.
Sepsis and septic shock are very common conditions among critically ill patients that lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and death. Our purpose was to investigate the efficacy of early administration of dexamethasone for patients with septic shock, with the aim of halting the progression towards MODS and death. ⋯ Early treatment with dexamethasone reduced the seven-day mortality among septic shock patients and showed a trend towards reduction of 28-day mortality.