The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society
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Observational Study
"What Should I Do First?" The Effect of Manipulated Goal Conflict on Affect, Motivation, and Helping Behavior in Chronic Pain Couples.
Although support provision by a partner is an important resource for individuals with chronic pain (ICPs), it poses a challenge for partners because it competes with other important personal goals of partners. The current study examined the impact of experimentally induced goal conflict in partners on their motives for helping, quality of provided help, and on partners' and ICPs' affect. Sixty-eight couples, with at least one person having chronic pain, performed 2 series of household activities, with partners either asked to be simply available for help (ie, control condition) or to additionally work on a puzzle task (ie, goal conflict condition). ⋯ Also, the quality of the provided help was lower and partners experienced less positive and more negative affect. Addressing partners' goal conflict in clinical practice may help to avoid its negative impact on both ICPs and partners. Perspective: This article provides a compelling argument to include partners in chronic pain treatment by demonstrating the detrimental effects of partners' experienced conflicts in goals upon the quality of help they provide, partners' affective functioning, and ICPs' pain-related outcomes.
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Chronic low back pain (CLBP) conditions are highly prevalent and constitute the leading cause of disability worldwide. The Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations Innovations Opportunities and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership with the US Food and Drug Administration and the American Pain Society (APS), have combined to create the ACTTION-APS Pain Taxonomy (AAPT). The AAPT initiative convened a working group to develop diagnostic criteria for CLBP. ⋯ This classification of CLBP is organized according to the AAPT multidimensional framework, specifically 1) core diagnostic criteria; 2) common features; 3) common medical and psychiatric comorbidities; 4) neurobiological, psychosocial, and functional consequences; and 5) putative neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms, risk factors, and protective factors. PERSPECTIVE: An evidence-based classification of CLBP conditions was constructed for the AAPT initiative. This multidimensional diagnostic framework includes: 1) core diagnostic criteria; 2) common features; 3) medical and psychiatric comorbidities; 4) neurobiological, psychosocial, and functional consequences; and 5) putative neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms, risk factors, and protective factors.
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Observational Study
The Relationship between Education and Pain among Adults Aged 30-49 in the United States.
Pain is a major health problem among U. S. adults. Surprisingly little, however, is known about educational disparities in pain, especially among the nonelderly. ⋯ Overall, more educated Americans report substantially less pain than the less educated. However, adults with a GED and "some college" report more pain than other groups. Understanding the causes could help illuminate the mechanisms through which social factors influence pain.
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Phantom limb pain (PLP) may be relieved using a visual representation of an intact limb. However, patients with distorted (telescoped) phantoms seem unable to associate with visualizations of intact limbs. A virtual arm visualization was matched to the individual's phantom perception and controlled in an augmented reality (AR) intervention. ⋯ The lip pursing task illustrated decreased cortical activity in the primary somatosensory cortex, which correlated to the reduced numerical rating scale scores of PLP severity. PERSPECTIVE: Two weeks of novel AR interventions in patients with telescoped phantoms demonstrated reduced PLP and reversal of cortical reorganization. This research highlights the potential of individualized AR interventions for PLP and indicate the importance of agency in this type of treatments.
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Acute and chronic pain delay recovery and impair outcomes after major pediatric surgery. Understanding unique risk factors for acute and chronic pain is critical to developing effective treatments for youth at risk. We aimed to identify adolescent and family psychosocial predictors of acute and chronic postsurgical pain after major surgery in adolescents. ⋯ Tailored interventions need to be developed and incorporated into perioperative care to address risk factors for acute and chronic pain. PERSPECTIVE: Longitudinal results demonstrate adolescents' presurgery pain severity predicts acute postsurgical pain, while depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality predict chronic postsurgical pain. Tailored interventions should address separate risk factors for acute and chronic pain after adolescent surgery.