Sleep medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Findings of the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test and its relationship with response to modafinil therapy for residual excessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea patients adequately treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure.
We aimed to examine the relationship between subjective and objective sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients with residual sleepiness, and to determine whether baseline objective sleepiness severity predicts the response to modafinil therapy. ⋯ In OSAS patients with residual sleepiness, the objective sleepiness level was not as high as expected, despite increased subjective sleepiness. Improvements in subjective and objective sleepiness seemed difficult to achieve with modafinil treatment among subjects with less objective sleepiness.
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The STOP-Bang questionnaire was developed as a quick and simple screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in preoperative clinics. We aimed to evaluate the validity of the STOP-Bang questionnaire to predict moderate-to-severe and severe OSA in the general population. ⋯ The STOP-Bang questionnaire can be used as a screening tool in the general population in view of its moderate sensitivity and high negative predictive value for subjects with moderate-to-severe and severe OSA. The cutoff of BMI >35 can be used in Asians, as lower BMI cutoffs did not improve questionnaire performance.
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Observational Study
Improvements of central respiratory events, Cheyne-Stokes respiration and oxygenation in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) in particular, are associated with reduced survival in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). CSR cycle length (CL) has been shown to mirror heart failure severity and therefore may be a predictor of outcome. However, studies characterizing CSR in ADHF are rare and no study has investigated changes in CSR from admission to discharge in ADHF patients. ⋯ Patients with ADHF have a high prevalence of central respiratory events, which decreased during cardiac recompensation. Cardiac recompensation also non-significantly improved the AHI and time spent in CSR and oxygenation, but had no clear impact on CSR CL, which leaves clinical account open to further investigation.
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Multicenter Study
Racial/ethnic differences in the associations between obesity measures and severity of sleep-disordered breathing: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between obesity measures and sleep-disordered breathing severity among White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese Americans. ⋯ Associations of BMI and waist circumference with AHI were stronger among Chinese than among other racial/ethnic groups. These findings highlight a potential emergence of elevated sleep-disordered breathing prevalence occurring in association with increasing obesity in Asian populations.
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The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze, with the most recent and advanced tools, the presence of periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) and/or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RSWA), in a group of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and to assess their eventual correlation with the clinical severity of the disease. ⋯ Abnormal REM sleep atonia seemed to be a genuine effect of ALS pathology per se and correlated with the clinical severity of the disease. It is unclear if this might constitute the basis of a possible risk for the development of REM sleep behavior disorder or represent a form of isolated RSWA in ALS.