Chūdoku kenkyū : Chūdoku Kenkyūkai jun kikanshi = The Japanese journal of toxicology
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Immunoassays are useful methods for the determination of regulated drugs in clinical and forensic laboratories. Although the Instant-View M-1 (IV M-1) immunoassay kit is frequently used to screen drugs in laboratories in Japan, basic information about the IV M-1 such as its specificity and reactivity is not available. In this study, we determined the specificity and cross-reactivity of IV M-1 for the detection of benzodiazepine-related drugs and their metabolites in urine. ⋯ Furthermore, 7-amino metabolites such as nitrazepam could not be detected at any concentration, including high concentrations. The specificity and reactivity of various kits used for detection of drugs in urine are different. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the basic features of the kit used while assessing the results obtained.
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Review Case Reports
[Cyanamide-ethanol reaction induced shock: report of a case and literature review].
Cyanamide is a known alcohol deterrent, and it may cause severe cyanamide-ethanol reaction if a patient consumes high amounts of alcohol during treatment. We report a rare case of cyanamide-ethanol reaction-induced shock in a 73-year-old man who was taking cyanamide for the treatment of alcohol dependence. The patient complained of acute onset of dyspnea after drinking. ⋯ In general, in the treatment of cyanamide-ethanol reaction-induced shock, adrenaline or noradrenaline should be used instead of dopamine. Some cases of severe cyanamide-ethanol reactions have been recently reported in Japan. We performed a literature review and have discussed these cases in the text.