Pain physician
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Observational Study
Endoscope-Assisted Minimally Invasive Interlaminar Lumbar Decompression for Spinal Stenosis.
Lumbar stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the spinal canal in association with progressive degenerative changes in the lumbar spine and surrounding structures, including hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (LF). ⋯ Spinal stenosis, ligamentum flavus, hypertrophy, decompression, endoxcope, minimally.
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Thalamic pain is a neuropathic pain syndrome that occurs as a result of thalamic damage. It is difficult to develop therapeutic interventions for thalamic pain because its mechanism is unclear. To better understand the pathophysiological basis of thalamic pain, we developed and characterized a new rat model of thalamic pain using a technique of microinjecting cobra venom into the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) of the thalamus. ⋯ Thalamic pain, cobra venom, electroacupuncture, pregabalin, indented neuronal nuclei, damaged mitochondria, dissolved endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body.