Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi
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J Microbiol Immunol Infect · Apr 2014
Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance among commonly encountered bacteria associated with infections and colonization in intensive care units in a university-affiliated hospital in Shanghai.
The aim of this study was to classify intensive care unit (ICU) bacterial strains as either ICU-acquired or ICU-on-admission and to compare their epidemiological and antibiogram characteristics. ⋯ Because of decreasing susceptibility rates of pathogens (especially ICU-acquired strains) and a significant correlation with the length of ICU stay, intensivists should consider a patient's time of ICU admission and previous microbiological data and should distinguish ICU-acquired strains from non-ICU-acquired strains so as to initiate optimized empirical antibiotic therapy against ICU-acquired infections.
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J Microbiol Immunol Infect · Feb 2014
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in hemodialysis and nondialysis patients.
Increased mortality has been reported in patients treated with vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia with high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values within the susceptibility range. However, this finding has not been verified in hemodialysis patients, who have much higher invasive MRSA infection rates than nondialysis patients. We aimed at comparing vancomycin MICs between hemodialysis and nondialysis patients, and identifying predictors of high vancomycin MICs and infection-related mortality in hemodialysis patients with MRSA bacteremia. ⋯ Hemodialysis patients with MRSA bacteremia are more likely to have a high vancomycin MIC (2 μg/mL) compared with nondialysis patients. Infection-related mortality is associated with the patient's clinical manifestations, including age, APACHE-II score >15, presence of septic shock, receipt of mechanical ventilation, and failure to remove source of bacteremia. Treatment selection should be tailored according to the patient's clinical condition.
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J Microbiol Immunol Infect · Feb 2014
Evaluation of protective efficacy conferred by a recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG expressing a fusion protein of Ag85A-ESAT-6.
We previously constructed a recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin (rBCG-AE) strain that could express a fused Ag85A-ESAT-6 protein. That study suggested that the rBCG-AE strain was able to induce a higher titer of antibody and elicit a more long-lived and stronger Th1-type cellular immune responses than the parental BCG strain, the rBCG-A strain (i.e., expressing Ag85A), or the rBCG-E strain (i.e., expressing ESAT-6). ⋯ The results suggest that rBCG-AE can not promote protective efficacy against M. tuberculosis H37Rv infection, compared to the BCG vaccine.
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J Microbiol Immunol Infect · Dec 2013
Comparative StudyComparison of diagnostic tools with multiplex polymerase chain reaction for pediatric lower respiratory tract infection: a single center study.
Acute respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Most have a viral etiology, with pneumococcus as an important pathogen. This single-center study compared the use of conventional diagnostic tools and two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examinations for determining pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among children aged <5 years. ⋯ Most LRTIs in children have a viral etiology. Multiplex PCR tests are rapid assays that can increase the diagnostic yield rate and detect slow-growing viruses and can detect more pathogens than conventional viral culture to enable, thereby helping clinicians to provide appropriate and timely treatment.