Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine as agents for the induction of anaesthesia in goats.
To compare racemic ketamine and S-ketamine as induction agents prior to isoflurane anaesthesia. ⋯ S-ketamine at half the dose rate of racemic ketamine in goats sedated with xylazine and thereafter anaesthetised with isoflurane induces the same clinically measurable effects.
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To investigate the analgesic properties of different dose combinations of midazolam and dexmedetomidine administered intraperitoneally (IP) in the rat. ⋯ The combination of D+M administered IP to rats at doses of 0.12:20 and 0.09:15 mg kg(-1) was shown to be a good combination to provide sedation/analgesia with a duration of action greater than 60 minutes. The onset of sedation was rapid (1-3 minutes), and onset of profound analgesia was reached within 5-10 minutes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol-fentanyl and propofol-midazolam combinations in spontaneously-breathing goats.
To compare the efficacy and cardiopulmonary effects of propofol and fentanyl, with propofol and midazolam for total intravenous anaesthesia. ⋯ Total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and fentanyl or propofol and midazolam, at the doses studied, in spontaneously-breathing, oxygen-supplemented goats is practicable. Recovery from the fentanyl-propofol combination is not always smooth.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Epidural spread of iohexol following the use of air or saline in the 'loss of resistance' test.
To compare, using CT epidurography, the cranial distribution of contrast after epidural injection when saline or air is used for the loss of resistance (LOR) technique in identifying the epidural space. ⋯ The use of air for the LOR technique is associated with significantly less spread, uneven cranial distribution of the contrast medium and compression of the spinal cord. It is recommended that saline, and not air, should be used to identify the epidural space by this method.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of analgesia provided by lidocaine, lidocaine-morphine or lidocaine-tramadol delivered epidurally in dogs following orchiectomy.
To evaluate and compare the postoperative analgesia provided by epidural lidocaine, lidocaine/morphine or lidocaine/tramadol in dogs following elective orchiectomy. ⋯ Epidural lidocaine/tramadol provided an analgesic effect comparable to that of epidural lidocaine/morphine during the first 12 hours after surgical castration without substantial side effects, suggesting that tramadol may be an effective postoperative analgesic in dogs submitted to this surgical procedure.