Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analgesic and motor-blocking action of epidurally administered levobupivacaine or bupivacaine in the conscious dog.
To compare the analgesic and motor-blocking effects of epidurally administered levobupivacaine and bupivacaine in the conscious dog. ⋯ Epidural levobupivacaine is suitable for clinical use in dogs, mostly at the highest dose if a high degree of analgesia is required.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of the effects of the alpha-2 agonists detomidine, romifidine and xylazine on nociceptive withdrawal reflex and temporal summation in horses.
To evaluate and compare the antinociceptive effects of the three alpha-2 agonists, detomidine, romifidine and xylazine at doses considered equipotent for sedation, using the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) and temporal summation model in standing horses. ⋯ Detomidine, romifidine and xylazine, administered IV at doses considered equipotent for sedation, significantly increased NWR and temporal summation thresholds, used as a measure of antinociceptive activity. The extent of maximal increase of NWR and temporal summation thresholds was comparable, while the duration of action was drug-specific.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of tramadol on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs.
To evaluate the effect of tramadol on sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC(SEVO)) in dogs. It was hypothesized that tramadol would dose-dependently decrease MAC(SEVO). ⋯ Tramadol significantly reduced MAC(SEVO) but this was not dose dependent at the doses studied.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Clinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a constant rate infusion of dexmedetomidine for postoperative pain management in dogs.
To compare postoperative analgesia provided by a constant rate infusion (CRI) of dexmedetomidine (DMED) to that of a well-established positive control [morphine (MOR)] in critically ill dogs. The sedative, cardiorespiratory effects and clinical safety of a 24-hour DMED CRI were also evaluated. ⋯ Forty dogs were enrolled. Twenty dogs (9 DMED and 11 MOR) did not require rescue analgesia. Eleven DMED and eight MOR dogs were allocated to the post-rescue protocol and seven of these removed from the study. Significant differences in pain scores between groups were not observed during the first 12 hours, however, DMED dogs were less (p = 0.009) painful during the last 12 hours. Sedation score over the entire 24-hour study was not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION / CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dexmedetomidine CRI was equally effective as MOR CRI at providing postoperative analgesia and no clinically significant adverse reactions were noted. This study shows the potential of DMED to contribute to a balanced postoperative analgesia regimen in dogs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of intraarticular ropivacaine and morphine on lipopolysaccharide-induced synovitis in horses.
To compare the intraarticular (IA) analgesic effects of ropivacaine and morphine in horses with experimentally induced synovitis. ⋯ Morphine alone or in combination with ropivacaine produced a strong analgesic effect of prolonged duration, which may offer pain relief for acute synovitis for at least 24 hours.