Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Laryngeal mask airway insertion requires less propofol than endotracheal intubation in dogs.
To compare the doses of propofol required for insertion of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) with those for endotracheal intubation in sedated dogs. ⋯ Laryngeal mask airway insertion requires less propofol than endotracheal intubation in sedated dogs therefore propofol-induced cardiorespiratory depression is likely to be less severe. The LMA is well tolerated and offers a less invasive means of securing the upper airway.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of preoperative extradural bupivacaine and morphine on the stress response in dogs undergoing femoro-tibial joint surgery.
To evaluate the efficacy of preoperative extradural bupivacaine and morphine in attenuating the stress response in dogs undergoing femoro-tibial joint surgery. ⋯ Pre-emptive extradural bupivacaine and morphine was effective in lowering the neuroendocrine stress response (cortisol) in the ED group but had no effect on the inflammatory response (acute phase response).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine or medetomidine in cats and their reversal with atipamezole.
To evaluate and compare the clinical effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and medetomidine (MED) in cats, and their reversal with atipamezole (ATI). Study design Prospective blinded randomized multi-centre clinical trial. Animals One hundred and twenty client-owned cats. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine (0.04 mg kg(-1)) produced comparable sedative and analgesic effects to MED (0.08 mg kg(-1)) in cats. DEX produced adequate sedation and analgesia for radiography, grooming, dental care and lancing of abscesses. ATI fully reversed the clinical effects of DEX.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Clinical evaluation of intranasal benzodiazepines, alpha-agonists and their antagonists in canaries.
To evaluate the effects of intranasal benzodiazepines (midazolam and diazepam), alpha(2)-agonists (xylazine and detomidine) and their antagonists (flumazenil and yohimbine) in canaries. ⋯ Intranasal benzodiazepines produce rapid and effective sedation in canaries. Intranasal alpha(2) agonists produce sedation but not sustained recumbency. Specific antagonists are also effective when used by this route. Clinical relevance Intranasal sedative drug administration is an acceptable alternative method of drug delivery in canaries.
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Case Reports
Successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest associated with extradural lidocaine in a dog.
Extradural lidocaine exerts several adverse effects which are seldom fatal. While cardiac arrest following extradural lidocaine injection has been reported in human beings, it has not hitherto been reported in dogs. ⋯ Extradural local anaesthetic administration is not without risk and the technique should be tailored to individual animals. Constant monitoring is required to detect potentially fatal complications and increase the likelihood of successful outcome.