The lancet oncology
-
The lancet oncology · Feb 2015
ReviewRegenerative medicine for oesophageal reconstruction after cancer treatment.
Removal of malignant tissue in patients with oesophageal cancer and replacement with autologous grafts from the stomach and colon can lead to problems. The need to reduce stenosis and anastomotic leakage after oesophagectomy is a high priority. Developments in tissue-engineering methods and cell-sheet technology have improved scaffold materials for oesophageal repair. ⋯ In particular, we highlight two clinical trials that used decellularised constructs and epithelial cell sheets to replace excised tissues after endoscopic submucosal dissection or mucosal resection procedures. Results from the trials showed that both decellularised grafts and epithelial-cell sheets prevented stenosis. By contrast, animal studies have shown that the use of tissue-engineered constructs after oesophagectomy remains a challenge.
-
The lancet oncology · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyAfatinib versus cisplatin-based chemotherapy for EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma (LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6): analysis of overall survival data from two randomised, phase 3 trials.
We aimed to assess the effect of afatinib on overall survival of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma through an analysis of data from two open-label, randomised, phase 3 trials. ⋯ Boehringer Ingelheim.
-
The lancet oncology · Feb 2015
Ibrutinib for previously untreated and relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with TP53 aberrations: a phase 2, single-arm trial.
Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) with TP53 aberrations respond poorly to first-line chemoimmunotherapy, resulting in early relapse and short survival. We investigated the safety and activity of ibrutinib in previously untreated and relapsed or refractory CLL with TP53 aberrations. ⋯ Intramural Research Program of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Novo Nordisk Foundation, National Institutes of Health Medical Research Scholars Program, and Pharmacyclics Inc.
-
The lancet oncology · Feb 2015
Multicenter StudySunitinib in patients with chemotherapy-refractory thymoma and thymic carcinoma: an open-label phase 2 trial.
No standard treatments are available for advanced thymic epithelial tumours after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy. We investigated the activity of sunitinib, an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor. ⋯ National Cancer Institute (Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program).
-
The lancet oncology · Feb 2015
ReviewCarbon ion radiotherapy in Japan: an assessment of 20 years of clinical experience.
Charged particle therapy is generally regarded as cutting-edge technology in oncology. Many proton therapy centres are active in the USA, Europe, and Asia, but only a few centres use heavy ions, even though these ions are much more effective than x-rays owing to the special radiobiological properties of densely ionising radiation. The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) Chiba, Japan, has been treating cancer with high-energy carbon ions since 1994. ⋯ In addition to those tumours for which carbon ions are known to produce excellent results, such as bone and soft-tissue sarcoma of the skull base, head and neck, and pelvis, promising data were obtained for other tumours, such as locally recurrent rectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. The most serious impediment to the worldwide spread of heavy ion therapy centres is the high initial capital cost. The 20 years of clinical experience at NIRS can help guide strategic decisions on the design and construction of new heavy ion therapy centres.