The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · May 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyTrastuzumab emtansine versus taxane use for previously treated HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GATSBY): an international randomised, open-label, adaptive, phase 2/3 study.
Although trastuzumab plus chemotherapy is the standard of care for first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, there is no established therapy in the second-line setting. In GATSBY, we examined the efficacy and tolerability of trastuzumab emtansine in patients previously treated for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer (unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic gastric cancer, including adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction). ⋯ F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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The lancet oncology · May 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyProphylactic cranial irradiation versus observation in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.
Results from a previous phase 3 study suggested that prophylactic cranial irradiation reduces the incidence of symptomatic brain metastases and prolongs overall survival compared with no prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer. However, because of the absence of brain imaging before enrolment and variations in chemotherapeutic regimens and irradiation doses, concerns have been raised about these findings. We did a phase 3 trial to reassess the efficacy of prophylactic cranial irradiation in the treatment of extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer. ⋯ The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.
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The lancet oncology · May 2017
ReviewManagement of elderly patients with locoregionally confined head and neck cancer.
Head and neck cancer in elderly patients represents a major health burden because its management provides unique and complex challenges for multidisciplinary teams, such as reduced treatment tolerance, multiple comorbidities, and altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Despite the prominent challenges involved, high-level evidence for the management of this group of patients is scarce. ⋯ Evaluation of age-specific factors such as life expectancy, impaired functional status, and cognitive decline warrant consideration as part of the management decision process. In this Review, we provide an update of the available evidence on the management of locoregionally confined head and neck cancer in elderly patients and propose a practical treatment algorithm for clinicians to help manage this patient population.
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The lancet oncology · May 2017
Multicenter StudyClinical safety and activity of pembrolizumab in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (KEYNOTE-028): preliminary results from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1b trial.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and few treatment options following progression on platinum-containing chemotherapy. We assessed the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab (an anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 [PD-1] antibody) in advanced solid tumours expressing programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and report here on the interim analysis of the malignant pleural mesothelioma cohort. ⋯ Merck.
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The lancet oncology · May 2017
Multicenter StudyNivolumab treatment for oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma: an open-label, multicentre, phase 2 trial.
Nivolumab is a human monoclonal IgG4 antibody that inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expressed on activated T cells. We investigated the safety and activity of nivolumab in patients with treatment-refractory oesophageal cancer. ⋯ Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Myers Squibb.