The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAxitinib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: a randomised open-label phase 3 trial.
In previous clinical trials of patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma, patients treated with axitinib as second-line therapy had longer median progression-free survival than those treated with sorafenib. We therefore undertook a phase 3 trial comparing axitinib with sorafenib in patients with treatment-naive metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. ⋯ Pfizer Inc.
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Implementation of lung cancer CT screening is currently the subject of a major policy decision within the USA. Findings of the US National Lung Screening Trial showed a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality and a 6·7% decrease in all-cause mortality; subsequently, five US professional and clinical organisations and the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended that screening should be implemented. ⋯ In the intervening years, a recommendation is proposed that a demonstration trial is done in the UK. In this Review, we summarise the existing evidence and identify questions that remain to be answered before the implementation of international lung cancer screening programmes.
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyDocetaxel or pemetrexed with or without cetuximab in recurrent or progressive non-small-cell lung cancer after platinum-based therapy: a phase 3, open-label, randomised trial.
Available preclinical and phase 2 clinical data suggest that the addition of cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), to chemotherapy might improve outcome in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to assess whether the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy improved progression-free survival in patients with recurrent or progressive NSCLC after platinum-based therapy. ⋯ Eli Lilly and Company and ImClone Systems LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Eli Lilly and Company.
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2013
ReviewOvarian transposition in prepubescent and adolescent girls with cancer.
Ovarian transposition was the first procedure proposed to preserve fertility in girls with cancer and is indicated for patients with tumours requiring pelvic radiation at doses of 42·0-58·4 Gy, much higher doses than those that can induce loss of ovarian function (4-20 Gy). Ovarian transposition is usually done after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and is completed by minimally invasive surgery or open surgery in case of concomitant resection of the abdominal tumour. ⋯ Although few long-term results in adults are available, normal hormonal function and pregnancies have been reported in a few long-term follow-up studies. In view of the continued development of fertility preservation techniques, ovarian transposition should be discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting at the time of cancer diagnosis.
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2013
Meta AnalysisDiagnostic performance of narrowed spectrum endoscopy, autofluorescence imaging, and confocal laser endomicroscopy for optical diagnosis of colonic polyps: a meta-analysis.
Novel endoscopic technologies could allow optical diagnosis and resection of colonic polyps without histopathological testing. Our aim was to establish the sensitivity, specificity, and real-time negative predictive value of three types of narrowed spectrum endoscopy (narrow-band imaging [NBI], image-enhanced endoscopy [i-scan], and Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy [FICE]), confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), and autofluorescence imaging for differentiation between neoplastic and non-neoplastic colonic lesions. ⋯ None.