The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma occur in the Asia-Pacific region, where chronic hepatitis B infection is an important aetiological factor. Assessing the efficacy and safety of new therapeutic options in an Asia-Pacific population is thus important. We did a multinational phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients from the Asia-Pacific region with advanced (unresectable or metastatic) hepatocellular carcinoma. ⋯ Sorafenib is effective for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in patients from the Asia-Pacific region, and is well tolerated. Taken together with data from the Sorafenib Hepatocellular Carcinoma Assessment Randomised Protocol (SHARP) trial, sorafenib seems to be an appropriate option for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudySurgical excision versus Mohs' micrographic surgery for primary and recurrent basal-cell carcinoma of the face: a prospective randomised controlled trial with 5-years' follow-up.
Basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer and its incidence is still rising worldwide. Surgery is the most frequently used treatment for BCC, but large randomised controlled trials with 5-year follow-up to compare treatment modalities are rare. We did a prospective randomised controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of surgical excision with Mohs' micrographic surgery (MMS) for the treatment of primary and recurrent facial BCC. ⋯ MMS is preferred over surgical excision for the treatment of facial rBCC, on the basis of significantly fewer recurrences after MMS than after surgical excision. However, because there was no significant difference in recurrence of pBCC between treatment groups, treatment with surgical excision is probably sufficient in most cases of pBCC.
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialVinorelbine plus gemcitabine followed by docetaxel versus carboplatin plus paclitaxel in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomised, open-label, phase III study.
Platinum-containing two-drug combinations improve survival and cancer-related symptoms in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, survival benefit is modest and platinum-containing regimens cause substantial toxic effects. We did a prospective randomised open-label phase III study to compare an experimental platinum-free, triplet, sequential regimen of vinorelbine plus gemcitabine followed by docetaxel with the standard platinum-containing, doublet regimen paclitaxel plus carboplatin in patients with advanced NSCLC. ⋯ Although platinum-containing regimens remain the standard treatment for advanced NSCLC, non-platinum regimens could provide equivalent efficacy with a different toxicity profile.
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The lancet oncology · Oct 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffects of anastrozole on cognitive performance in postmenopausal women: a randomised, double-blind chemoprevention trial (IBIS II).
Mild cognitive impairments have been recorded in cross-sectional studies of women with breast cancer receiving endocrine treatment. More comprehensive studies were warranted because aromatase inhibitors are being used increasingly in both chemoprevention and adjuvant settings. We report findings from the cognitive subprotocol of the International Breast Intervention Study (IBIS II), a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of anastrozole in postmenopausal women at high risk of developing breast cancer. We aimed to study and compare the effect of anastrozole versus placebo on memory and attention in these women. ⋯ Cancer Research UK, London, UK (grant numbers C6280/A3162 and C6280/A6764).
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyAdjuvant endocrine therapy plus zoledronic acid in premenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer: 5-year follow-up of the ABCSG-12 bone-mineral density substudy.
The Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group trial-12 (ABCSG-12) bone substudy assesses zoledronic acid for preventing bone loss associated with adjuvant endocrine therapy and reports on long-term findings of bone-mineral density (BMD) during 3 years of treatment and 2 years after completing adjuvant treatment with or without zoledronic acid. The aim of this substudy is to gain insight into bone health in this setting. ⋯ Goserelin plus tamoxifen or anastrozole for 3 years without concomitant zoledronic acid caused significant bone loss. Although there was partial recovery 2 years after completing treatment, patients receiving endocrine therapy alone did not recover their baseline BMD levels. Concomitant zoledronic acid prevented bone loss during therapy and improved BMD at 5 years.