The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · May 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPatient-reported outcomes in patients with resected, high-risk melanoma with BRAFV600E or BRAFV600K mutations treated with adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib (COMBI-AD): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
In the phase 3 COMBI-AD study, patients with resected, stage III melanoma with BRAFV600E or BRAFV600K mutations received adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib or placebo. The primary analysis showed that dabrafenib plus trametinib significantly improved relapse-free survival at 3 years. These results led to US Food and Drug Administration approval of dabrafenib plus trametinib as adjuvant treatment for patients with resected stage III melanoma with BRAFV600E or BRAFV600K mutations. Here, we report the patient-reported outcomes from COMBI-AD. ⋯ Novartis.
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The lancet oncology · May 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyCapecitabine compared with observation in resected biliary tract cancer (BILCAP): a randomised, controlled, multicentre, phase 3 study.
Despite improvements in multidisciplinary management, patients with biliary tract cancer have a poor outcome. Only 20% of patients are eligible for surgical resection with curative intent, with 5-year overall survival of less than 10% for all patients. To our knowledge, no studies have described a benefit of adjuvant therapy. We aimed to determine whether adjuvant capecitabine improved overall survival compared with observation following surgery for biliary tract cancer. ⋯ Cancer Research UK and Roche.
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The lancet oncology · May 2019
Multicenter StudyMinimal adjuvant chemotherapy for children with hepatoblastoma resected at diagnosis (AHEP0731): a Children's Oncology Group, multicentre, phase 3 trial.
Hepatoblastoma treatment with curative intent requires surgical resection, but only about a third of newly diagnosed patients with hepatoblastoma have resectable disease at diagnosis. Patients who have upfront resection typically receive a total of 4-6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy post-surgery, with the combination of cisplatin, fluorouracil, and vincristine. We aimed to investigate whether event-free survival in children with hepatoblastoma who had complete resection at diagnosis could be maintained with two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. ⋯ National Institutes of Health.
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The lancet oncology · May 2019
Multicenter StudyGene-expression profiling of bortezomib added to standard chemoimmunotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (REMoDL-B): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
Biologically distinct subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma can be identified using gene-expression analysis to determine their cell of origin, corresponding to germinal centre or activated B cell. We aimed to investigate whether adding bortezomib to standard therapy could improve outcomes in patients with these subtypes. ⋯ Janssen-Cilag, Bloodwise, and Cancer Research UK.
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The lancet oncology · May 2019
Comparative StudyRisk of subsequent primary cancers after carbon ion radiotherapy, photon radiotherapy, or surgery for localised prostate cancer: a propensity score-weighted, retrospective, cohort study.
The risk of subsequent primary cancers in patients with prostate cancer after treatment with photon radiotherapy is small in absolute numbers, but it is higher than that after surgical treatment. Carbon ion radiotherapy has a theoretically lower risk of inducing secondary malignancies than photon radiotherapy, but this risk has not been investigated in practice because of the low number of facilities offering such therapy worldwide and the limited data on long-term follow-up because the therapy has only been available since 1994. We aimed to analyse the risk of subsequent primary cancers after treatment with carbon ion radiotherapy in patients with localised prostate cancer and to compare it with that after photon radiotherapy or surgery in this setting. ⋯ Research Project for Heavy Ions at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (Japan).