Journal of evidence-based medicine
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Disaster research focuses on the impact disasters have on people and social structures. Planning for and responding to disasters require evidence to guide decision-makers. The need for such evidence provides an ethical mandate for the conduct of sound disaster research. ⋯ Using examples from specific studies, some of the distinctive features of disaster research ethics are discussed. These include cross-cultural collaboration and communication, vulnerability of participants arising from the degree of devastation, avoiding exploitation of disaster victims, and protecting researchers. The article concludes with some of the major challenges facing disaster research ethics and how they might be addressed.
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Clearly report adverse effect or adverse event occurred in the clinical practice is very important for understanding the potential risk of using a drug for treatment of diseases, and with other advantages. This document aims to help healthcare providers to organize, report, and publish information on ADR/AE occurrences and to identify the nature of the ADR/AE in TCM and integrative medicine practice. ⋯ In each part, there are some samples could be references for the development of a report and ADR/AE. We welcome any comments for improving this recommendation.
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Review
Adverse drug reactions of Shuanghuanglian injection: a systematic review of public literatures.
To systematically evaluate the clinical characteristics of ADRs caused by Shuanghuanglian Injection (SHLI) and to provide reference for post-market evaluation and clinical application of SHLI. ⋯ The clinical manifestations of ADRs caused by SHLI mainly include skin allergic reactions and gastrointestinal reactions. There is an increased risk of ADR induced by combined uses of SHLI and other drugs, especially antibiotics. Compared to the solution, the powder has lower ADR occurrence and higher safety with statistical significance. We propose strengthening management and surveillance on SHLI from manufacturing to application, and improving the level of the risk management for post-market drugs.
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The Cochrane Collaboration must strive to become a more global organization and help facilitate the use of evidence to improve public health, especially in the developing world. It can do so by improving the scope and relevance of its systematic reviews, by building capacity in countries to synthesize and use evidence for health policy development, and by addressing the challenge of developing methodologies for dealing with different types of evidence commonly used by health decision-makers in resource- and evidence-challenged settings.
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With the advance of web search and navigation technology, enormous amount of information, non-information, and misinformation may be obtained in milliseconds in response to questions about 'what works' in social sciences. Today, policy makers in non-medical public service arenas are under increasing pressure to make sound decisions based on scientific evidence. Some of these decisions are a matter of legal requirement. ⋯ Furthermore, it is argued that the use of evidence on 'what works' depends on the potential users' awareness, understanding of the evidence, as well as their capacity and willingness to use it. Awareness and understanding depends on the world wide web and its augmentations, while capacity and willingness depends more on incentives to use good evidence and on political and ethical values. Implications for the future development of evidence grading organizations are discussed.