Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Can training improve laypersons helping behaviour in first aid? A randomised controlled deception trial.
There is limited evidence indicating that laypersons trained in first aid provide better help, but do not help more often than untrained laypersons. This study investigated the effect of conventional first aid training versus conventional training plus supplementary training aimed at decreasing barriers to helping. ⋯ Supplementary training on dealing with barriers to helping did not alter the helping behaviour. The timing and appropriateness of the aid provided can be improved.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cost and clinical effectiveness of MRI in occult scaphoid fractures: a randomised controlled trial.
Clinical and radiographic diagnoses of scaphoid fractures are often challenging at the time of injury. Patients are therefore usually reassessed which has cost implications. Various investigations exist but MRI has been suggested as effective in diagnosing these injuries early. ⋯ Early MRI in occult scaphoid fractures is marginally cost saving compared with conventional management and may reduce potentially large societal costs of unnecessary immobilisation. It enables early detection and appropriate treatment of scaphoid and other injuries.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Usefulness of nefopam in treating pain of severe uncomplicated renal colics in adults admitted to emergency units: a randomised double-blind controlled trial. The 'INCoNU' study.
Renal colic pain is a frequent cause of emergency department admissions (1-2% of admissions). It is extremely painful, often requiring intravenous morphine titration. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of adding nefopam to ketoprofen upon subsequent morphine consumption and the time needed to achieve adequate analgesia in renal colic. ⋯ http://ClinicalTrials.gov ID number NCT00639574.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Emergency department management of undifferentiated abdominal pain with hyoscine butylbromide and paracetamol: a randomised control trial.
To compare the effectiveness of paracetamol, hyoscine butylbromide and the combination of paracetamol plus hyoscine butylbromide (paracetamol + hyoscine butylbromide) in the management of patients with acute undifferentiated abdominal pain attending the emergency department (ED). ⋯ The trial data suggest that oral paracetamol is at least as effective as intravenous hyoscine butylbromide and a combination of both drugs in the management of acute undifferentiated abdominal pain presenting to the ED. Based on these results and factors such as cost and tolerability, we recommend single agent paracetamol as the agent of choice for the management of acute mild to moderate undifferentiated abdominal pain.