Cancer medicine
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Increasing evidence revealed that ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance, but its functions in gemcitabine resistance in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of TET1 on gemcitabine resistance in CCA and the possible effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression encoded by multidrug resistance (MDR) genes. We established two kinds of gemcitabine-resistant CCA cell lines and confirmed its specific features. ⋯ Additionally, Kaplan-Meier survival and the log-rank test showed that decreased expression of TET1 was associated with poorer prognosis of CCA patients with chemotherapy. These findings suggest that TET1 expression reverses gemcitabine resistance in CCA accompanied by a reduction in P-gp expression. Thus, TET1 may be a promising target to overcome chemoresistance in CCA.
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Metastasis and invasion are the primary causes of malignant progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial step of acquisition of "stemness" properties in tumor cells. However, the mechanism of esophageal cancer metastasis remains unclear. ⋯ Finally, miR-130a-3p inhibits TGF-β-induced EC-1 cell migration, invasion, and EMT progression in a SMAD4-dependent way. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the mechanism underlying ESCC metastasis. The TGF-β/miR-130a-3p/SMAD4 pathway could be potential targets for clinical treatment of ESCC.
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The long-term effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including imatinib, and surgical intervention on advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) were evaluated. All 379 patients had metastatic or recurrent GIST and started 400 mg/d imatinib at the Asan Medical Center in periods 1 and 2 [2001-2007 (33.2%) and 2008-2014 (66.8%), respectively]. Men constituted 60.4%; median patient age and tumor size at the initiation of imatinib were 58.6 (14.6-85.5) years and 51 (0-324) mm, respectively, without differences between periods except for older age and less preimatinib surgery in period 2. ⋯ PFS with imatinib (P = 0.002) and OS (P = 0.019) were significantly longer in period 2. Young age, smaller tumor size at the initiation of imatinib, KIT exon 11 mutation, surgical intervention, and period 2 were favorable factors for PFS and OS. Patients with advanced GIST showed better prognosis with the optimal use of imatinib, along with active surgical intervention and more common use of subsequent TKIs in period 2.
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Despite a growing body of literature describing the geographic and sociodemographic distribution of cancer genetic testing, work focused on these domains in cancer genetic counseling is limited. Research describing the epidemiology of cancer genetic counseling has mainly focused on isolated populations, a single gender (women) and a single condition (hereditary breast and ovarian cancer). Study findings to date are contradictory, making it unclear what, if any, disparities in receipt of cancer genetic counseling exist. ⋯ This is the first study to depict the sociodemographic and geographic distribution of cancer genetic counseling at the national level. Despite perceived disparities in access, cancer genetic counseling in the United States appears to be accessed by individuals of diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds, with various insurance coverage and educational levels, and across a broad range of ages and geographic regions. The only sociodemographic factor that independently predicted receipt of genetic counseling across both the affected and unaffected population was sex. With physician recommendation as the predominant driver for counseling, targeting physician education, and awareness is crucial to utilization.
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Multicenter Study
Daily activity, mood, and quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A mediation effect analysis.
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) with restriction of daily activity (RDA) was common consequence of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients. CIPN with RDA and negative mood may impact the quality of life (QoL). However, the relationships among RDA, mood, and QoL remain unclear. ⋯ Under mediation effect analysis, mood mediated 38.48% of the effect of RDA on QoL (P < 0.001). Negative mood is the major factor impacting QoL in colorectal cancer patients with CIPN. Although the management of CIPN and RDA can prevent irreversible functional problems, enhancing the adaption of mood disturbance can strongly promote their QoL.