Critical reviews in diagnostic imaging
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Crit Rev Diagn Imaging · Jan 1992
Review Comparative StudyMagnetic resonance imaging of osteomyelitis.
Early diagnosis and detection of osteomyelitis and differentiation of soft-tissue infection from bone involvement is a difficult clinical and imaging problem. Magnetic resonance imaging has proven to be as sensitive as bone scintigraphy in the early detection of osteomyelitis, and, with its superior spatial resolution, MR is often more specific than planar scintigraphy in differentiating bone from soft-tissue infection and separating arthritis, cellulitis, and soft-tissue abscess from osteomyelitis. ⋯ MRI has a large role in evaluating the presence and extent of spondylitis and epidural abscess and certain distribution features may help recognize tuberculous spondylitis. Gadolinium-enhanced MR could be helpful in delineating the meninges and demonstrating the border and extent of epidural abscesses.
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The demographics of cystic fibrosis (CF) are continuously changing, with adults representing a growing percentage of the patient population, which is expected to reach 50% by the year 2000. Pulmonary complications are primarily responsible for the high morbidity and mortality in this disease. ⋯ The role of imaging, including chest radiography and HRCT, is discussed. Issues that remain controversial include imaging in the acute pulmonary exacerbation, and the routine use of imaging as part of clinical scoring and in monitoring responses to new treatment modalities.
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CT and MRI have revolutionized the evaluation of the temporal bone and its diseases. Conventional polytomography, once the mainstay of clinical imaging, has now been completely replaced by CT for evaluation of the middle ear, ossicular chain, and otic capsule and by MRI for the study of the internal auditory canal, cerebellopontine angle, and brainstem. This article is an overview of these current methods and depicts normal and pathologic anatomy. The technical aspects and clinical indications for both modalities are discussed.
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Crit Rev Diagn Imaging · Jan 1984
ReviewRadiographic evaluation of asbestos-related chest disorders.
This paper reviews the radiographic, clinical, pathologic, and epidemiological features of pleural and pulmonary parenchymal disorders which have been related to asbestos exposure. In particular, the following are discussed: (1) pleural plaques--radiographic detection by plain films and computed tomography, normal and abnormal densities which may mimic plaques, the 1980 ILO U/C classification, recent epidemiological data on plaques including their relationship to carcinoma and mesothelioma; (2) diffuse pleural thickening; (3) benign asbestos pleural effusions; (4) mesothelioma--emphasizing recent advances in diagnosis, staging, therapy, and prognosis; (5) parenchymal fibrosis--pathogenesis, relationship to fiber exposure, plaques, and carcinoma; (6) bronchogenic carcinoma; (7) rounded atelectasis--recent observations on its association with pleural thickening. A role of radiology in medicolegal aspects of asbestos-related disease is briefly examined.
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Crit Rev Diagn Imaging · Sep 1996
ReviewMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee: a pattern approach for evaluating bone marrow edema.
The applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have become numerous for the assessment of disorders involving the knee. Once a technique used nearly exclusively in the evaluation of internal derangement of this joint, it now plays an important role in the diagnosis of processes that affect the bone marrow, including those that occur as a result of trauma, infection, tumor, and rheumatologic disorders. Signal alterations in the bone marrow frequently are present in association with these pathological processes. ⋯ In many situations, the area of altered signal intensity is radiographically occult. The distribution of marrow edema often reflects the mechanism of injury in trauma and may correlate with additional injuries to the surrounding soft tissues. Reactive marrow edema occurs either in response to an inflammatory focus in the bone and/or joint or a neoplastic process in or adjacent to the bone.