Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS
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J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst · Jul 2016
Angiotensin type 2 receptor null mice express reduced levels of renal angiotensin II type 2 receptor/angiotensin (1-7)/Mas receptor and exhibit greater high-fat diet-induced kidney injury.
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components exert diverse physiological functions and have been sub-grouped into deleterious angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II (Ang II)/angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and protective ACE2/angiotensin (1-7) (Ang-(1-7))/Mas receptor (MasR) axes. We have reported that chronic activation of angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) alters RAS components and provides protection against obesity-related kidney injury. ⋯ This study suggests that deletion of AT2R decreases the expression of the beneficial ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR and increases the deleterious ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis of the renal RAS in mice. Further, AT2KO mice are more susceptible to HFD-induced renal injury.
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J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst · Jul 2016
Review Meta AnalysisProtection against death and renal failure by renin-angiotensin system blockers in patients with diabetes and kidney disease.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are widely used to block the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Yet it remains uncertain whether these drugs are equally effective and safe. ⋯ Eight meta-analyses included 2177-61,264 patients with follow-up of 6-108 months. RAS blockers reduced mortality (relative risk ratio (RR), 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86-0.95) without heterogeneity. The death protection was significant specifically with ACEis (RR, 0.85, 95% CI, 0.79-0.91), but not with ARBs. Protection against ESRD was homogenously evident by ARBs (RR, 0.79, 95% CI, 0.73-0.87), ACEis (RR, 0.79, 95% , 0.64-0.94), and both (RR, 0.79, 95% CI, 0.73-0.87). Significant side effects were hyperkalemia by ARBs (RR, 2.44, 95% CI, 1.13-5.26), and cough by ACEis (RR, 2.38, 95% CI, 1.75-3.22) CONCLUSIONS: In patients with diabetes and kidney disease, ACEis and ARBs are consistently protective for the development of ESRD. Use of ACEis alone additionally reduces deaths and increases the risk for cough. Use of ARBs alone increases the risk for hyperkalemia without additional benefit of death protection.
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J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst · Dec 2015
Meta AnalysisAssociation of ACE insertion or deletion polymorphisms with the risk of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis.
Previous case-control studies on the relationship between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms and coronary restenosis did not reach the same conclusion. In the present study, we aimed to further evaluate the relationship between the ACE gene I/D polymorphisms and coronary restenosis, after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ⋯ The present study suggested that the ACE gene I/D polymorphism was associated with coronary restenosis, regardless of age and ethnicity.
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J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst · Dec 2015
Meta AnalysisSERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism contributes to sepsis risk and mortality.
The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether there is an association between SERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism and sepsis risk and mortality. ⋯ In conclusion, the meta-analysis suggests that there are significant associations between SERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism and risk of sepsis and sepsis mortality.
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J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst · Dec 2015
Meta AnalysisAngiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Some studies have assessed the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) risk. However, the results have been inconclusive and contradictory. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and ARDS risk. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggested that ACE I/D polymorphism might contribute to the susceptibility for ARDS.