Clinical medicine (London, England)
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Systemic sclerosis is the most severe disease within the scleroderma spectrum and is a major medical challenge with high mortality and morbidity. There have been advances in understanding of pathogenesis that reflect the interplay between immune-inflammatory processes and vasculopathy and fibrosis. ⋯ Treatment is available for many aspects of the disease although the available therapies are not curative and some complications remain very challenging, especially non-lethal manifestations such as fatigue, calcinosis and anorectal dysfunction. Immunosuppression is now established as a beneficial approach but balancing risk and benefit is vital, especially for powerful approaches such as autologous stem cell transplantation.
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A conference organised in conjunction with the British Hypertension Society at the Royal College of Physicians (London) assembled an expert panel to present recent advances in the understanding and management of hypertension - the leading reversible risk factor for global morbidity and mortality. Despite recognised therapeutic approaches, less than half of patients on treatment for hypertension achieve blood pressure control to international guideline-based targets. ⋯ Targeting degradation of natriuretic peptides by LCZ696 (a combination of valsartan and a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor) has demonstrated potential as a novel therapeutic option, with mortality benefits in heart failure beyond that solely attributable to its blood pressure lowering ability. However, critical to any therapeutic strategy is patient involvement, and it is clear that the delivery of patient-centric treatment options is vital to ensure adherence with medication and to facilitate healthier lifestyle decisions.
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High rates of psychological distress, depression and suicide have been reported among doctors. Furthermore, many doctors do not access healthcare by conventional means. This study aimed to increase understanding regarding non-consultant hospital doctors' (NCHDs') response to stress and barriers to accessing supports, and identify possible solutions. ⋯ Possible practical solutions were explored. NCHDS are a vulnerable population and have a particularly challenging lifestyle. Key recommendations include improved GP and counselling access for NCHDs, and addressing the culture of self-treatment and poor health behaviours through undergraduate and postgraduate education.
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We introduced a geographically embedded frailty unit, the comprehensive older person's evaluation 'COPE' zone within our emergency assessment unit (EAU). We collated data for all medical patients over 75 years admitted non-electively for one month before and after this service change. Significantly more patients were seen by a geriatrician on the EAU earlier in their admission in 2014 (33.4 vs 19.3%, p<0.001; 11 vs 20 h, p<0.001). ⋯ More patients with markers of frailty were discharged directly from EAU (42.2 vs 29.0%, p = 0.006) without increasing readmissions. Mean length of stay was reduced (9.5 vs 6.8 days, p = 0.02). The introduction of the COPE zone has improved service delivery at the point of access for older people admitted to hospital.
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There is little in the literature describing hospital specialist palliative care units (PCUs) within the NHS. This paper describes how specialist PCUs can be set up within and be entirely funded by the NHS, and outlines some of the challenges and successes of the units. ⋯ The PCUs are well received by patients, families and other staff within the hospital. We believe they offer a model for excellence in cost-effective inpatient specialist palliative care within the NHS.