Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities
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J Racial Ethn Health Disparities · Dec 2015
ReviewRacial and Ethnic Disparities in Adverse Drug Events: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
The 2014 National Action Plan for Adverse Drug Event Prevention has recognized adverse drug events (ADEs) as a national priority in order to facilitate a nationwide reduction in patient harms from these events. Throughout this effort, it will be integral to identify populations that may be at particular risk in order to improve care for these patients. We have undertaken a systematic review to evaluate the evidence regarding racial or ethnic disparities in ADEs with particular emphasis on anticoagulants, diabetes agents, and opioids due to the clinical significance and preventability of ADEs associated with these medication classes. ⋯ Whites were most frequently identified as at increased risk for opioid-related ADEs. However, few of these studies were specifically designed to evaluate racial or ethnic disparities, lacking a standardized approach to racial/ethnic categorization as well as control for potential confounders. We suggest the need for targeted interventions to reduce ADEs in populations that may be at increased risk, and we suggest strategies for future research.
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J Racial Ethn Health Disparities · Sep 2015
Mental Well-Being in First Year Medical Students: A Comparison by Race and Gender: A Report from the Medical Student CHANGE Study.
In this study, authors sought to characterize race and gender disparities in mental health in a national sample of first year medical students early in their medical school experience. ⋯ At the start of their first year of medical school, African American and female medical students were at a higher risk for depressive symptoms and anxiety than their White and male counterparts, respectively. The findings of this study have practical implications as poor mental and overall health inhibit learning and success in medical school, and physician distress negatively affects quality of clinical care.
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J Racial Ethn Health Disparities · Sep 2015
Racial Differences in Satisfaction with VA Health Care: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study.
As satisfied patients are more adherent and play a more active role in their own care, a better understanding of factors associated with patient satisfaction is important. ⋯ The current pilot study demonstrates racial differences in satisfaction with outpatient care and identifies some specific sources of dissatisfaction. Future research will include a large national cohort, including Hispanic veterans, in order to gain further insight into the sources of racial and ethnic differences in satisfaction with VA care and inform future interventions.
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J Racial Ethn Health Disparities · Sep 2015
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in HPV Vaccine Uptake Among a Sample of College Women.
The aim of this study is to determine the association between racial/ethnic status and uptake and completion of the HPV vaccine series in college women. ⋯ These findings are consistent with research from other types of settings and demonstrate lower initiation and completion rates of HPV vaccine among black women attending college as compared to their white counterparts. Additional research is needed to understand why black college women have low initiation and completion rates.
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J Racial Ethn Health Disparities · Sep 2015
The Association Between Obesity and Weight Loss Intention Weaker Among Blacks and Men than Whites and Women.
Although obesity is associated with weight loss intention, the magnitude of this association may differ across various populations. Using a nationally representative data of the United States, this study tested the variation of the association between obesity and weight loss intention based on race and gender. ⋯ The link between obesity and weight loss intention depends on race and gender. Weight loss intention may not increase in response to obesity among Blacks and men, compared to Whites and women. Healthy weight programs in the United States may benefit from tailoring based on race and gender.