Oncology
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The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-related biomarkers and the treatment outcomes using lapatinib plus capecitabine (LC) and to evaluate the influence of the estrogen receptor (ER) status in trastuzumab-refractory HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. ⋯ LC therapy is effective in trastuzumab-refractory HER2-positive breast cancer. Moreover, the biomarker expression differed depending on ER status, and a high p95HER2 expression and wild-type PIK3CA gene correlated with longer PFS especially in the ER-positive cases.
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We examined the emergence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a dose-limiting toxicity of oxaliplatin, over the course of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). Predicting which patients will likely develop CIPN is an ongoing clinical challenge. ⋯ Prechemotherapy screening with a simple, easily administered objective measure of touch sensation deficits (Bumps Detection test) and monitoring of patient-reported numbness/tingling during the first 2-3 chemotherapy cycles may support improved personalized care of CRC patients with oxaliplatin-induced CIPN.
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Locally advanced oral cavity cancers are treated with a multi-modality approach. Surgery is the most efficient local modality in comparison to chemoradiation in oral cancers. Preoperative chemotherapy has failed its expectations to improve disease-free survival or overall survival in resectable oral cancers. ⋯ The role of induction chemotherapy in unresectable oral cancers is unproven. Metronomic chemotherapy has shown improved progression-free survival and overall survival in oral cancers in comparison to intravenous cisplatin. A phase 3 study for confirmation of this finding has begun.
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Predictive factors for hepatocarcinogenesis following eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA by antiviral therapy with direct-acting antivirals are unknown. Especially the impact of treatment with or without interferon on hepatocarcinogenesis is not clear. ⋯ Liver fibrosis and body mass index, but not treatment regimen, are important predictors of hepatocarcinogenesis following eradication of HCV RNA by direct-acting antivirals.