The Lancet infectious diseases
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Outcomes of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign in intensive care units in the USA and Europe: a prospective cohort study.
Mortality from severe sepsis and septic shock differs across continents, countries, and regions. We aimed to use data from the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) to compare models of care and outcomes for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the USA and Europe. ⋯ The significant difference in unadjusted mortality and the fact that this difference disappears with severity adjustment raise important questions about the effect of the approach to critical care in Europe compared with that in the USA. The effect of ICU bed availability on outcomes in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock requires further investigation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Daclatasvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 infection: a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 2a trial.
Several direct-acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are available, but they are limited by tolerability and dosing schedules. Once-daily daclatasvir, a potent NS5A replication complex inhibitor, was generally well tolerated in phase 1 studies. We assessed daclatasvir in combination with pegylated interferon (peginterferon) and ribavirin for chronic HCV. ⋯ Bristol-Myers Squibb.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Safety, immunogenicity, and tolerability of meningococcal serogroup B bivalent recombinant lipoprotein 2086 vaccine in healthy adolescents: a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B is a major cause of invasive meningococcal disease, but a broadly protective vaccine is not currently licensed. A bivalent recombinant factor H-binding protein vaccine (recombinant lipoprotein 2086) has been developed to provide broad coverage against diverse invasive meningococcus serogroup B strains. Our aim was to test the immune response of this vaccine. ⋯ Wyeth, Pfizer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for infection with Clostridium difficile in Europe, Canada, and the USA: a double-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.
Infection with Clostridium difficile is the primary infective cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. We aimed to compare efficacy and safety of fidaxomicin and vancomycin to treat patients with C difficile infection in Europe, Canada, and the USA. ⋯ Optimer Pharmaceuticals.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A novel therapeutic cytomegalovirus DNA vaccine in allogeneic haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
Cytomegalovirus reactivation occurs within 6 months in 60-70% of cytomegalovirus-seropositive patients after allogeneic haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT), mainly due to immunosuppression associated with the procedure. Pre-emptive antiviral therapy reduces incidence of cytomegalovirus disease but can be toxic. To reduce the potential for disease and subsequent need for such antiviral drugs, we aimed to assess safety and efficacy of a cytomegalovirus therapeutic DNA vaccine compared with placebo. ⋯ Vical and US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.