The Lancet infectious diseases
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Primary prophylaxis of cryptococcal disease with fluconazole in HIV-positive Ugandan adults: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
Cryptococcal disease remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa, despite the introduction of antiretroviral therapy. We studied fluconazole as primary prophylaxis against cryptococcal disease in patients awaiting or starting antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. ⋯ Medical Research Council, UK, and Rockefeller Foundation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01E candidate malaria vaccine given with expanded-programme-on-immunisation vaccines: 19 month follow-up of a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.
The RTS,S/AS01(E) candidate malaria vaccine is being developed for immunisation of infants in Africa through the expanded programme on immunisation (EPI). 8 month follow-up data have been reported for safety and immunogenicity of RTS,S/AS01(E) when integrated into the EPI. We report extended follow-up to 19 months, including efficacy results. ⋯ Program for Appropriate Technology in Health Malaria Vaccine Initiative; GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Chloroquine for influenza prevention: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial.
Chloroquine has in-vitro activity against influenza and could be an ideal candidate for worldwide prevention of influenza in the period between onset of a pandemic with a virulent influenza strain and the development and widespread dissemination of an effective vaccine. We aimed to assess the efficacy of such an intervention. ⋯ National Medical Research Council, Singapore.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and efficacy of the HVTN 503/Phambili study of a clade-B-based HIV-1 vaccine in South Africa: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled test-of-concept phase 2b study.
The MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef subtype B vaccine was designed to elicit T-cell-mediated immune responses capable of providing complete or partial protection from HIV-1 infection or a decrease in viral load after acquisition. We aim to assess the safety and efficacy of the vaccine in South Africa, where the major circulating clade is subtype C. ⋯ The US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and Merck and Co Inc.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Selective digestive tract decontamination and selective oropharyngeal decontamination and antibiotic resistance in patients in intensive-care units: an open-label, clustered group-randomised, crossover study.
Previously, we assessed selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) and selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD) on survival and prevention of bacteraemia in patients in intensive-care units. In this analysis, we aimed to assess effectiveness of these interventions for prevention of respiratory tract colonisation and bacteraemia with highly resistant microorganisms acquired in intensive-care units. ⋯ None.