The Lancet infectious diseases
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Vaccine schedules and the effect on humoral and intestinal immunity against poliovirus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
The eradication of wild and vaccine-derived poliovirus requires the global withdrawal of oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs) and replacement with inactivated poliovirus vaccines (IPVs). The first phase of this effort was the withdrawal of the serotype 2 vaccine in April 2016, with a switch from trivalent OPVs to bivalent OPVs. The aim of our study was to produce comparative estimates of humoral and intestinal mucosal immunity associated with different routine immunisation schedules. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council.
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The ongoing Ebola virus outbreak in the Ituri and North Kivu Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which began in July, 2018, is the second largest ever recorded. Despite civil unrest, outbreak control measures and the administration of experimental therapies and a vaccine have been initiated. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of candidate therapies and diagnostic tests with the outbreak strain Ituri Ebola virus. Lacking a virus isolate from this outbreak, a recombinant Ituri Ebola virus was compared with a similarly engineered Makona virus from the 2013-16 outbreak. ⋯ US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and risk of malaria following cessation in young Ugandan children: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial.
Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) of malaria with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is a promising strategy for malaria prevention in young African children. However, the optimal dosing strategy is unclear and conflicting evidence exists regarding the risk of malaria after cessation of chemoprevention. We aimed to compare two dosing strategies of IPT with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in young Ugandan children, and to evaluate the risk of malaria after cessation of IPT. ⋯ Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
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Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus causes a highly fatal lower-respiratory tract infection. There are as yet no licensed MERS vaccines or therapeutics. This study (WRAIR-2274) assessed the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the GLS-5300 MERS coronavirus DNA vaccine in healthy adults. ⋯ US Department of the Army and GeneOne Life Science.
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Observational Study
Rotational thromboelastometry alongside conventional coagulation testing in patients with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: an observational cohort study.
Data describing the coagulopathy of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever are scarce. We did rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) and conventional coagulation testing in patients with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever to increase our understanding of the coagulopathy of this infectious disease. ⋯ Wellcome Trust, UK Ministry of Defence, and National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit.