Articles: apolipoproteins-e.
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Comparative Study
Apolipoprotein E4 genotype increases the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the presence of ApoE4 and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after cardiac surgery. ⋯ This study suggests an association between ApoE4 and early POCD, but further studies are needed to clarify a causative association. Such new studies should include a more homogenous patient sample and a longer follow-up.
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To evaluate the extent to which relationships between apolipoprotein E, cognitive functioning, and survival in people aged 60 to 80 persist into advanced old age. ⋯ Apo E genotype has a small effect on the probability of remaining a well-functioning nonagenarian but no separately detectable effect on cognitive functioning, cognitive decline, or survival.
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With normal aging, the brain undergoes several alterations including reduced neuronal functioning and alterations in glia homeostasis. An increase in inflammatory signaling has also been reported in some studies of the aging brain, with inflammation potentially mediating age-related changes in the brain. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is produced in the brain and has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties in a variety of paradigms. ⋯ A significant linear correlation between ApoE and IL-1beta mRNA was found in the cortex but not in the striatum or hippocampus. No correlation was found between ApoE and IL-1beta protein in any region examined. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that ApoE expression is not altered during normal brain aging, but suggest that there may be a relationship between ApoE and IL-1beta transcription in the cerebral cortex.
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Apolipoprotein E genotype (APOE) is associated with cholesterol metabolism, ischemic heart disease, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and so may affect risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. ⋯ Publication and selection biases make existing studies of APOE and stroke unreliable. Further, very large, methodologically rigorous studies are needed.