Articles: vertigo.
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The cause of dizziness in patients seen in the emergency room can usually be determined by a focused evaluation that consists of identifying three key features in the history and five key elements of the clinical examination. This article discusses the most common causes of dizziness, how to use this approach, and management of these cases in the emergency room.
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vertigo is a common complaint in medicine. The most common causes of vertigo are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular neuritis, Meniere's syndrome, and vascular disorders. Vertigo of vascular origin is usually limited to migraine, transient ischemic attacks, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Vascular causes lead to various central or peripheral vestibular syndromes with vertigo. This study provides an overview of epidemiology and clinical syndromes of vascular vertigo. ⋯ migraine, cerebrovascular disorders especially involving the vertebrobasilar territory, cardiocirculatory diseases, neurovascular compression of the eighth nerve, and vasculitis are vascular causes of vertigo syndromes.
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This review focuses on so-called "periodic syndromes of childhood that are precursors to migraine," as included in the second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Presentation is characterized by an episodic pattern and intervals of complete health. Benign paroxysmal torticollis is characterized by recurrent episodes of head tilt, secondary to cervical dystonia, with onset between ages 2-8 months. ⋯ Their mean ages of onset are 5 and 7 years, respectively. Diagnostic criteria and appropriate evaluation represent the key issues. Therapeutic recommendations include reassurance, lifestyle changes, and prophylactic as well as acute antimigraine therapy.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Dec 2009
ReviewIdiopathic benign paroxysmal vertigo in children, a migraine precursor.
Vertigo and dizziness are common conditions in the adult population that can be rarely seen during childhood; only a few articles describing vertigo in children can be found in literature. Although many causes of vertigo in adulthood occur also in childhood, their frequency may be different. A typical example is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the most common peripheral vestibular disorder in adults, which occurs quite uncommonly in children. ⋯ At present, BPV is defined as a migraine's equivalent, a precursor of migraine or a periodic syndrome of childhood. The International Headache Society also studied this form of vertigo and included the Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo in section 1.3.3. of the International Classification of Headaches (ICHD-2). The present review analyzes recent patho-physiological and clinical evidences regarding idiopathic BPV in children.