Articles: vertigo.
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Review Case Reports
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo associated with arterial occlusive disease: three case reports and literature review.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss and vertigo (SSNHLV) has multifactorial causes, of which viral, autoimmune and vascular insufficiency are the most common. The therapeutic management for SSNHLV includes antiviral drugs, corticosteroids, vasodilators, normovolemic hemodilution therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. ⋯ Here, we present our experience with three cases managed with interventional treatment and conduct a review and discussion on the relevant literature. We conclude that investigation of vertebrobasilar and carotid occlusive diseases is necessary in patients over 50 years of age who present SSNHLV, mild neurological symptoms and a history of arteriosclerosis, high blood pressure or thrombosis.
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Case Reports
Arnold-Chiari type I malformation presenting as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in an adult patient.
Arnold-Chiari malformations are a group of congenital hindbrain and spinal cord abnormalities characterized by herniation of the contents of the posterior cranial fossa caudally through the foramen magnum into the upper cervical spine. It is important to recognize Arnold-Chiari type I malformation in the differential diagnosis of adult vertigo cases. We present a 51-year-old patient with Arnold-Chiari type I malformation that was initially diagnosed as posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
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To relate the authors' experience to the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPV) who were followed-up at the Children's Hospital of Bydgoszcz between 1999 and 2004, and to review and discuss controversial issues regarding the disease. ⋯ Childhood BPV is a disorder of vestibular system with the onset occurring mainly in preschoolers aged 1-7. Older children with the onset of BPV - like symptoms should be suspected for functional background of the disease. There are no typical ENG features for BPV. The only objective evidence of vestibular dysfunction is the presence of nystagmus during the attack. The disease is probably of vascular origin and there is strong evidence for close relationship between spasmodic torticollis, BPV and migraine.
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The peripheral vestibular organ within the bony labyrinth of the inner ear is closely connected to the other parts of the equilibrium system. As a result of its constant active interaction with the other elements, it plays a major role in ensuring that we can maintain our balance. In the event of a disorder, otogenic vertigo can occur. ⋯ Common differential diagnoses include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuropathy. These can be readily differentiated by applying a systematic approach, and usually respond to treatment. In recent years, improved diagnostic tools have made it possible to test the functioning of the otolith organs, and this may lead to new therapeutic options in labyrinthine vertigo in the future.