Articles: hospitals.
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Ambient air pollution has been identified as a primary risk factor for mental disorders. In recent years, the relationship between exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for schizophrenia has garnered increasing scientific interest, but evidence from epidemiological studies has been inconsistent. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to comprehensively identify potential correlations. ⋯ This study provides evidence that NO2 exposure significantly increases the risk of hospital admission for schizophrenia. Future studies are required to clarify the potential biological mechanism between schizophrenia and NO2 exposure to provide a more definitive result.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Sep 2023
Meta AnalysisThoracic Epidural Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Research on fast-track recovery protocols postulates that thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) in cardiac surgery contributes to improved postoperative outcomes. However, concerns about TEA's safety hinder its widespread usage. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the benefits and risks of TEA in cardiac surgery. ⋯ TEA reduces ICU and hospital length of stay, and postoperative complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with minimal reported complications such as epidural hematomas. These findings favor the use of TEA in cardiac surgery and warrant consideration for use in cardiac surgeries worldwide.
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Meta Analysis
Effects of family centered nursing model on children with primary nephrotic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Family-centered nursing model has been widely used in the care of children patients, but there is still a lack of research on the care of children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of family-centered nursing on children with PNS. ⋯ Family-centered nursing model can improve the QoL of children with PNS, increase the nursing satisfaction of family members and reduce the length of hospital stay, but further research need to verify its impact on behavioral problems.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Aug 2023
Review Meta AnalysisProphylactic anticoagulants for non-hospitalised people with COVID-19.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted healthcare systems worldwide. Multiple reports on thromboembolic complications related to COVID-19 have been published, and researchers have described that people with COVID-19 are at high risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). Anticoagulants have been used as pharmacological interventions to prevent arterial and venous thrombosis, and their use in the outpatient setting could potentially reduce the prevalence of vascular thrombosis and associated mortality in people with COVID-19. However, even lower doses used for a prophylactic purpose may result in adverse events such as bleeding. It is important to consider the evidence for anticoagulant use in non-hospitalised people with COVID-19. ⋯ We found low- to moderate-certainty evidence from five RCTs that prophylactic anticoagulants result in little or no difference in major bleeding, DVT, need for hospitalisation, or adverse events when compared with placebo or no treatment in non-hospitalised people with COVID-19. Low-certainty evidence indicates that prophylactic anticoagulants may result in little or no difference in all-cause mortality when compared with placebo or no treatment, but moderate-certainty evidence indicates that prophylactic anticoagulants probably reduce the incidence of VTE and PE. Low-certainty evidence suggests that comparing different doses of the same prophylactic anticoagulant may result in little or no difference in need for hospitalisation or adverse events. Prophylactic anticoagulants may result in little or no difference in risk of VTE, hospitalisation, or adverse events when compared with antiplatelet agents (low-certainty evidence). Given that there were only short-term data from one study, these results should be interpreted with caution. Additional trials of sufficient duration are needed to clearly determine any effect on clinical outcomes.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Aug 2023
Review Meta AnalysisHigh flow nasal cannula for respiratory support in term infants.
Respiratory failure or respiratory distress in infants is the most common reason for non-elective admission to hospitals and neonatal intensive care units. Non-invasive methods of respiratory support have become the preferred mode of treating respiratory problems as they avoid some of the complications associated with intubation and mechanical ventilation. High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is increasingly being used as a method of non-invasive respiratory support. However, the evidence pertaining to its use in term infants (defined as infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to one month postnatal age)) is limited and there is no consensus of opinion regarding the safety and efficacy HFNC in this population. ⋯ When compared with CPAP, HFNC may result in little to no difference in treatment failure. HFNC may have little to no effect on the duration of respiratory support, but the evidence is very uncertain. HFNC likely results in little to no difference in the length of stay at the intensive care unit. HFNC may reduce the incidence of nasal trauma and abdominal overdistension, but the evidence is very uncertain. When compared with LFNC, HFNC may reduce treatment failure slightly. HFNC may have little to no effect on the duration of respiratory support, length of stay at the ICU, or hospital length of stay, but the evidence is very uncertain. There is insufficient evidence to enable the formulation of evidence-based guidelines on the use of HFNC for respiratory support in term infants. Larger, methodologically robust trials are required to further evaluate the possible health benefits or harms of HFNC in this patient population.