Articles: analgesics.
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Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi · Feb 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Continuous infusion of morphine in use of pain relief after upper abdominal surgery].
This study was designed as a prospective randomized comparative trial of continuous infusion of morphine (CIM) controlled by a micro-electric pump and traditional intermitted intramuscle injection of pethidine (IMP) to relieve pain after surgery. 40 patients submitted from upper abdominal surgery were divided into two groups, 20 patient receiving CIM and others using IMP. The amount of morphine used during the 24 hours was 0.5 mg/kg in CIM group. In IMP group, 20 patients were given standard intramuscular dosages of 1.5 mg/kg of pethidine, then, every 4-6 hours repeatedly within 24 hours after operation. ⋯ The result showed that all patients of CIM group had good analgesic effect (I and II degree), however, 10% of the patients in IMP group had only analgesic effect of I and II degree during the first 24 hours after operation. Their respiratory frequency, heart rate, BP and SpO2 had no significant difference in two groups. It woule appear that CIM is an efficacious and safe method for providing postoperative pain relief.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Feb 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA double-blind study of subcutaneous dihydroergotamine vs subcutaneous sumatriptan in the treatment of acute migraine.
To assess the efficacy and tolerability of subcutaneous dihydroergotamine mesylate (DHE-45) vs subcutaneous sumatriptan succinate (Imitrex) for the treatment of acute migraine with or without aura. ⋯ Both sumatriptan and dihydroergotamine were effective in aborting migraine headaches. Headache recurrence was two and a half time as likely with sumatriptan as with dihydroergotamine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of ketorolac on bleeding time and postoperative pain in children: a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison with meperidine.
To determine whether ketorolac 0.75 mg/kg would provide a comparable degree of analgesia to that of meperidine 1 mg/kg in terms of postoperative opioid requirements and pain scores in children undergoing surgeries associated with mild to moderate postsurgical discomfort. ⋯ Ketorolac provided analgesia comparable to that of meperidine and significantly reduced opioid requirements. Since ketorolac was not associated with a reduction in postoperative vomiting or length of stay, and in view of the uncertain risk of bleeding, it offers no advantage over meperidine in the management of mild to moderate acute postsurgical pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Extradural analgesia with clonidine and fentanyl compared with 0.25% bupivacaine in the first stage of labour.
Conventional extradural analgesia during labour with 0.25-0.375% bupivacaine may induce motor weakness and subjective sensory deficit, reducing maternal satisfaction. Even in a regimen for ambulatory extradural analgesia (0.1% bupivacaine-fentanyl 2 micrograms ml-1), a potential for proprioreception impairment exists, which may impair safe ambulation. We have combined fentanyl with clonidine for extradural analgesia in labour, and compared its effects with 0.25% bupivacaine, in a randomized, double-blind study. ⋯ Patients in group 2 had a much higher incidence of motor weakness (P < 0.01), impaired perception of pinprick (P < 0.01) and impaired distal joint proprioception (P < 0.05) than group 1. We conclude that clonidine 120 micrograms-fentanyl 50 micrograms provided comparable extradural analgesic efficacy as 0.25% bupivacaine for the first stage of labour. Furthermore, unwanted neurological effects were significantly less.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of i.v. and s.c. diamorphine infusions for the treatment of acute pain in children.
We have compared the i.v. and s.c. routes of administration for diamorphine infusions in children undergoing abdominal surgery. Subjects received general anaesthesia with extradural block and diamorphine up to 20 micrograms kg-1 h-1 after operation. There were no differences between the groups in diamorphine consumption, pain scores or incidence of side effects. The s.c. route appeared to be as effective and safe as the i.v. route for administration of diamorphine infusions in children undergoing elective surgery.