Articles: analgesics.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Clonidine as an adjunct therapy to opioids for neonatal abstinence syndrome: a randomized, controlled trial.
To determine if oral clonidine would reduce the duration of opioid detoxification for neonatal abstinence syndrome. ⋯ In this randomized, double-blind trial, adding clonidine to standard opioid therapy for detoxification from in utero exposure to methadone or heroin reduced the duration of pharmacotherapy for neonatal abstinence without causing short-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes. A larger trial is indicated to determine long-term safety.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Clinical relevance of efficacy endpoints in OTC headache trials.
This analysis evaluates and ranks efficacy endpoints often used in headache trials concerning their clinical relevance in relation to the patient-related criterion "global assessment of overall efficacy" based on data gained in a large trial investigating different over-the-counter drugs in the treatment of headache. ⋯ The highest correlation with patient's global efficacy assessment was demonstrated for the primary endpoint time to 50% pain relief (r = 0.6727) and the sum of pain intensity difference (r = 0.7037). The frequency distribution of patient's global efficacy assessment depended primarily on the time to 50% pain relief and similarly, but to a somewhat lesser extent, on the reduction of pain intensity to 10 mm as assessed on the visual analog scale. More than 86% of the patients assessed efficacy as very good or good when their pain was reduced by 50% at least within 1 hour after drug intake. The patients accept a longer time span than 2 hours for reaching no pain to give a positive global evaluation of efficacy.
-
Multicenter Study
Trigeminal neuralgia treated with pregabalin in family medicine settings: its effect on pain alleviation and cost reduction.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of pregabalin (PGB) on pain alleviation, use of health care and non-health care resources, and associated costs in patients with trigeminal neuralgia under usual clinical practice in primary care settings. Sixty-five PGB-naïve patients receiving PGB as monotherapy (n = 36, 55%) or combined with other drugs (n = 29, 45%) fulfill criteria for inclusion in a secondary analysis from a 12-week, multicenter, observational prospective study aimed to ascertain the cost of illness in subjects with neuropathic pain. Pain is evaluated using the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. ⋯ PGB significantly reduces pain scores, use of health care resources (ancillary tests and unscheduled medical visits), and number of LWDEs. Additional cost of PGB treatment (+euro 174 +/- 106) is broadly compensated for by a reduction in both health care costs (-euro 621 +/-1211, P < .001) and indirect costs (-euro 1210 +/- 1141, P < .001). It is concluded that PGB as monotherapy or combined with other drugs is effective in pain management in patients with trigeminal neuralgia and reduces the cost of illness.
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Apr 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyOnset of analgesia with sodium ibuprofen, ibuprofen acid incorporating poloxamer and acetaminophen--a single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with post-operative dental pain.
To compare the onset of action and efficacy of sodium ibuprofen (ibuprofen sodium dihydrate) and ibuprofen acid incorporating poloxamer (ibuprofen/poloxamer) with that of acetaminophen and placebo in patients with post-operative dental pain. ⋯ Compared with acetaminophen, sodium ibuprofen was associated with significantly greater analgesic efficacy, pain relief in a greater proportion of patients and greater patient satisfaction.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Tramadol in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
To assess the efficacy and safety of tramadol for relieving neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Tramadol might be tried for neuropathic pain after SCI after the use of gabapentin/pregabalin, and tricyclic antidepressants have been found to be insufficient. Titration should be slow and individual, to minimize the risk of adverse events.