Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Methadone versus morphine as a first-line strong opioid for cancer pain: a randomized, double-blind study.
To compare the effectiveness and side effects of methadone and morphine as first-line treatment with opioids for cancer pain. ⋯ Methadone did not produce superior analgesic efficiency or overall tolerability at 4 weeks compared with morphine as a first-line strong opioid for the treatment of cancer pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Pain and analgesic response after third molar extraction and other postsurgical pain.
There is uncertainty over whether the patient group in which acute pain studies are conducted (pain model) has any influence on the estimate of analgesic efficacy. Data from four recently updated systematic reviews of aspirin 600/650 mg, paracetamol 600/650 mg, paracetamol 1000 mg and ibuprofen 400 mg were used to investigate the influence of pain model. Area under the pain relief versus time curve equivalent to at least 50% maximum pain relief over 6 h was used as the outcome measure. ⋯ The event rate with placebo was systematically statistically lower for dental than postsurgical pain for all four treatments. Event rates with analgesics, RB and NNT were infrequently different between the pain models. Systematic difference in the estimate of analgesic efficacy between dental and postsurgical pain models remains unproven, and, on balance, no major difference is likely.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialTrial of amitriptyline for relief of pain in amputees: results of a randomized controlled study.
To evaluate whether amitriptyline is more effective than placebo in improving phantom limb pain or residual limb pain. ⋯ Our findings do not support the use of amitriptyline in the treatment of postamputation pain.
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · Jan 2004
Multicenter Study[Influence of a child's age on anesthetic technique based on analgesia with remifentanil].
To study the possible pharmacodynamic differences in children under anesthesia based on remifentanil. ⋯ No differences were found between age groups with regard to remifentanil requirements, end tidal concentrations of sevoflurane, or mean times until spontaneous ventilation or extubation. Nor were there differences in the percentages of complications (5.4%), of which 4 were cases of intense postoperative muscular rigidity, or in the incidence of nausea-vomiting (3.4%). The quality of recovery from anesthesia (Aldrete test) was better in the 8-12-year-old group (P < 0.05), however, while agitation (Postoperative Agitation Score) and pain (visual analog scale or observational scales) were greater in the group of 1-3-year-olds (P < 0.05). The evaluation of the technique by participating caregivers was excellent for 20%, very good for 41%, good for 29%, adequate for 8% and poor for 2% of the cases.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Lidocaine patch 5% with systemic analgesics such as gabapentin: a rational polypharmacy approach for the treatment of chronic pain.
To assess the effectiveness and safety of the lidocaine patch 5%, a targeted peripheral analgesic, in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, painful diabetic neuropathy, and low back pain patients with incomplete responses to their current analgesic treatment regimen containing gabapentin. ⋯ Results of this study highlight the potential advantages achieved with rational polypharmacy using a targeted peripheral analgesic, the lidocaine patch 5%, with centrally acting agents such as the anticonvulsant gabapentin. Controlled trials are warranted to further define the impact of such combination therapy.