Articles: analgesics.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Sucralfate as an Adjunct to Analgesia to Improve Oral Intake in Children With Infectious Oral Ulcers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
We hypothesized that sucralfate along with oral analgesics (acetaminophen or ibuprofen) administered in the emergency department leads to a clinically significant improvement in oral intake in children with acute infectious oral ulcers. ⋯ Sucralfate as an adjunct to oral analgesics was not superior to placebo in improving oral intake in children with acute oral infectious ulcers.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of pupillary reflex dilation-guided opioid administration on remifentanil and morphine consumption during laparoscopic surgery: A randomised controlled trial.
Analysis of pupillary reflex dilation (PRD) assesses the balance of nociception--antinociception. Laparoscopic surgery induces haemodynamic variations that are misleading. During laparoscopy, PRD guidance helps differentiate haemodynamic changes because of excess nociception from secondary changes related to the reflex release of endocrine factors. ⋯ When PRD is used to differentiate between haemodynamic events arising from noxious stimuli and those events because of other nonsurgical stimuli, then intra-operative remifentanil administration is reduced intra-operatively during laparoscopic surgery but there was no change in postoperative morphine consumption.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Patient, Provider, and Clinic Characteristics Associated with Opioid and Non-Opioid Pain Prescriptions for Patients Receiving Low Back Imaging in Primary Care.
To describe characteristics of patients, providers, and clinics associated with opioid or non-opioid pain medication prescribing patterns for patients who received lower spine imaging in primary care clinics. ⋯ After adjusting for factors that could affect prescribing, the strongest differences observed in pain-medication prescribing were across racial categories and for patients with previous pain prescriptions. Further research is needed to understand these differences and to optimize prescribing.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
A Phase 1, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Study to Evaluate the Pharmacodynamic Effects of VX-150, a highly selective NaV1.8 inhibitor, in Healthy Male Adults.
To evaluate the analgesic potential, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of VX-150, a pro-drug of a highly selective NaV1.8 inhibitor, in healthy subjects. ⋯ Results of this proof-of-mechanism study are supportive of the potential of VX-150, a highly selective NaV1.8 channel inhibitor, to treat various pain indications.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Does aerobic exercise training alter responses to opioid analgesics in individuals with chronic low back pain?: a randomized controlled trial.
We tested whether aerobic exercise training altered morphine analgesic responses or reduced morphine dosages necessary for adequate analgesia. Patients with chronic back pain were randomized to an 18-session aerobic exercise intervention (n = 38) or usual activity control (n = 45). Before and after the intervention, participants underwent 3 laboratory sessions (double-blinded, crossover) to assess effects of saline placebo, i.v. morphine (0.09 mg/kg), and i.v. naloxone (12 mg) on low back pain and evoked heat pain responses. ⋯ Of clinical significance were findings that relative to the control group, aerobic exercise produced analgesia more similar to that observed after receiving ≈7 mg morphine preintervention (P < 0.045). Greater pre-post intervention increases in endogenous opioid function (from any source) were significantly associated with larger pre-post intervention decreases in morphine analgesia (P < 0.046). The overall pattern of findings suggests that regular aerobic exercise has limited direct effects on morphine responsiveness, reducing morphine analgesia in males only.