Articles: analgesics.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Prehospital and en route analgesic use in the combat setting: a prospectively designed, multicenter, observational study.
Combat injuries result in acute, severe pain. Early use of analgesia after injury is known to be beneficial. Studies on prehospital analgesia in combat are limited and no prospectively designed study has reported the use of analgesics in the prehospital and en route care setting. Our objective was to describe the current use of prehospital analgesia in the combat setting. ⋯ In our prospectively designed, multicenter, observational, prehospital combat study, ketamine was the most commonly used analgesic drug. The most frequently observed combination of drugs was ketamine and morphine. The intravenous route was used for 55% of drug administrations.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Pharmacokinetics of hydrocodone/acetaminophen combination product in children ages 6-17 with moderate to moderately severe postoperative pain.
Lortab® Elixir, a proprietary combination product containing hydrocodone and acetaminophen, is approved in the US for the treatment of moderate to moderately severe pain in children. Despite this approval, pediatric pharmacokinetic data using this product have not been previously published. Using a single-dose open-label study approach, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of this product in 17 healthy children 6-17 years of age. ⋯ We found adjustment of hydrocodone and acetaminophen dose by body surface area to be more optimal than body weight-based dose adjustments for achieving similar systemic exposure in children and adults. However, body weight-based hydrocodone and acetaminophen dosing regimens provided close approximation of adult exposures in pediatric patients with approximately 22% to 24% lower hydrocodone and acetaminophen dose/BW-normalized AUC in pediatric patients compared to adults. Finally, the adverse event profile in our pediatric cohort was consistent with that expected of opioid-naive subjects receiving opioid-combination therapy.
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Int. J. Clin. Oncol. · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy and safety of sublingual fentanyl orally disintegrating tablet at doses determined by titration for the treatment of breakthrough pain in Japanese cancer patients: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase III trial.
Breakthrough cancer pain typically has a rapid onset and relatively short duration. Due to this temporal profile, it may not be adequately relieved by oral opioid analgesics. The sublingual fentanyl orally disintegrating tablet is a formulation by which fentanyl can be rapidly absorbed across the oral mucosa producing rapid-onset analgesia, and which may be effective for breakthrough pain treatment. ⋯ Sublingual fentanyl tablets at doses determined by titration were effective and safe for breakthrough pain treatment in cancer patients treated with strong opioid analgesics at fixed intervals. Extended treatment up to 12 weeks was also effective and safe.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Inadequate pain relief and large functional loss among patients with knee osteoarthritis: evidence from a prospective multinational longitudinal study of osteoarthritis real-world therapies.
To estimate the prevalence of inadequate pain relief (IPR) among patients with symptomatic knee OA prescribed analgesic therapy and to characterize patients with IPR. ⋯ IPR is common among patients with knee OA requiring analgesics and is associated with large functional loss and impaired QoL. Patients at particular risk of IPR, as characterized in this study, may require greater attention towards their analgesic treatment options.
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Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2015
Multicenter StudyThe shortened infusion time of intravenous ibuprofen part 1: a multicenter, open-label, surveillance trial to evaluate safety and efficacy.
The main purpose of the study was to determine the safety profile and efficacy of intravenous ibuprofen administered over 5 to 10 minutes for the treatment of pain or fever in hospitalized patients. Current evidence supports the use of intravenous infusions of ibuprofen to control pain and reduce the opioid requirements associated with surgical pain. Current dosing guidelines recommend that the drug be administered over 30 minutes. However, a more rapid infusion might yield additional benefits. The safety profile and efficacy of a shortened infusion time requires additional study. ⋯ The study demonstrates that more rapid administration of intravenous ibuprofen is well tolerated and supports intravenous ibuprofen as an effective treatment for pain and fever in hospitalized patients.