Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pregabalin in the treatment of herpetic neuralgia: results of a multicenter Chinese study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, impact on quality of life, and safety of pregabalin for the treatment of acute herpetic neuralgia (AHN) and subacute herpetic neuralgia (SHN). ⋯ Both combination therapy with oxycodone plus pregabalin and oxycodone monotherapy were effective and safe for herpetic neuralgia. In addition, subjects on combination therapy showed shortened time to pain relief, reduced pain intensity, and greater improvement than oxycodone alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Dexketoprofen/tramadol: randomised double-blind trial and confirmation of empirical theory of combination analgesics in acute pain.
Combination analgesics are effective in acute pain, and a theoretical framework predicts efficacy for combinations. The combination of dexketoprofen and tramadol is untested, but predicted to be highly effective. ⋯ Dexketoprofen trometamol 25 mg combined with tramadol hydrochloride 75 mg provided good analgesia with rapid onset and long duration in a model of moderate to severe pain. The results of the dose finding study are consistent with pre-trial calculations based on empirical formulae.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2015
Multicenter Study Observational StudyAcetaminophen concentrations prior to 4 hours of ingestion: impact on diagnostic decision-making and treatment.
Consensus recommendations for acute acetaminophen exposure include plotting an acetaminophen concentration at ≥ 4 h post ingestion on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram to determine the need for acetylcysteine treatment. We studied the frequency of acetaminophen concentrations drawn within 4 h post ingestion and whether the Rumack-Matthew nomogram was properly used in making acetylcysteine treatment decisions. ⋯ Patients with a known exposure time and presenting within 4 h of acetaminophen ingestion had a pre-4-hour acetaminophen concentration obtained 62% of the time. Pre-4-hour acetaminophen concentrations cannot be used to determine the need for acetylcysteine therapy and are associated with an increased likelihood of not obtaining optimally timed acetaminophen concentrations and acetylcysteine management not based on the proper application of the Rumack-Matthew nomogram. Current practice results in additional cost, unnecessary treatment, potential adverse medication effects, and the possibility of non-treatment of patients at risk of hepatotoxicity.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Exposure to prescription opioid analgesics in utero and risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome: population based cohort study.
To provide absolute and relative risk estimates of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) based on duration and timing of prescription opioid use during pregnancy in the presence or absence of additional NAS risk factors of history of opioid misuse or dependence, misuse of other substances, non-opioid psychotropic drug use, and smoking. ⋯ Use of prescription opioids during pregnancy is associated with a low absolute risk of NAS in the absence of additional risk factors. Long term use compared with short term use and late use compared with early use of prescription opioids are associated with increased NAS risk independent of additional risk factors.
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Korean J. Intern. Med. · Jan 2015
Multicenter StudyThe efficacy of low-dose transdermal fentanyl in opioid-naïve cancer patients with moderate-to-severe pain.
Little is known about the efficacy of low-dose transdermal fentanyl (TDF) patches in opioid-naïve patients with moderate-to-severe cancer pain. ⋯ Low-dose TDF was an effective treatment for patients with cancer pain of moderate-to-severe intensity. Further randomized trials assessing the efficacy of TDF for severe pain and/or optimal starting doses are warranted.