Articles: mechanical-ventilation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Body Mass Index and Mortality in Subjects With ARDS: Post-hoc Analysis of the OSCILLATE Trial.
Studies on the association of obesity with mortality in subjects with ARDS have yielded inconsistent results. ⋯ There was no difference in adjusted hospital mortality across BMI strata in subjects with moderate to severe ARDS. Processes of care were not different across BMI strata except for higher daily doses of fentanyl as BMI increased. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT0150640).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of volume-controlled ventilation mode and pressure-controlled ventilation with volume-guaranteed mode in the prone position during lumbar spine surgery.
During lumbar spine surgery, patients are placed in the prone position for surgical access. The prone position has various effects on cardiac and pulmonary function, including a decreased cardiac index (CI), decreased dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), and increased peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak). In this study, we compared the volume-controlled ventilation mode (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation with volume guaranteed mode (PCV-VG) based on hemodynamic and pulmonary variables in the prone position during lumbar spine surgery. ⋯ PCV-VG led to lower Ppeak and improved Cdyn values compared with VCV, showing that it may be a favorable alternative mode of mechanical ventilation for patients in the prone position during lumbar spine surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Abdominal functional electrical stimulation to assist ventilator weaning in critical illness: a double-blinded, randomised, sham-controlled pilot study.
For every day a person is dependent on mechanical ventilation, respiratory and cardiac complications increase, quality of life decreases and costs increase by > $USD 1500. Interventions that improve respiratory muscle function during mechanical ventilation can reduce ventilation duration. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of employing an abdominal functional electrical stimulation (abdominal FES) training program with critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. We also investigated the effect of abdominal FES on respiratory muscle atrophy, mechanical ventilation duration and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay. ⋯ Our compliance rates demonstrate the feasibility of using abdominal FES with critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. While abdominal FES did not lead to differences in abdominal muscle or diaphragm thickness, it may be an effective method to reduce ventilation duration and ICU length of stay in this patient group. A fully powered study into this effect is warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High inspired oxygen fraction impairs lung volume and ventilation heterogeneity in healthy children: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.
Although a high inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) is commonly used in paediatric anaesthesia, the impact on postoperative lung function is unclear. We compared lung volume, ventilation heterogeneity, and respiratory mechanics in anaesthetised children randomised to receive low or high FiO2 intraoperatively. ⋯ NCT02384616.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Lung protective ventilation during pulmonary resection in children: a prospective, single-centre, randomised controlled trial.
Perioperative ventilatory strategies for lung protection in children are underexplored. This study evaluated the effects of lung protective ventilation (LPV) on postoperative clinical outcomes in children requiring one-lung ventilation (OLV) for pulmonary resection. ⋯ NCT02680925.