Articles: mechanical-ventilation.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of heated humidified ventilation on bronchial mucus transport velocity in general anaesthesia: a randomized trial.
To evaluate the effects of heated humidified ventilation on mucociliary function during general anaesthesia. ⋯ Heated humidified ventilation effectively maintains mucociliary clearance of patients during sevoflurane general anaesthesia.
-
Expert Rev Respir Med · Dec 2014
ReviewNon invasive monitoring in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients.
Cardiopulmonary monitoring is a key component in the evaluation and management of critically ill patients. Clinicians typically rely on a combination of invasive and non-invasive monitoring to assess cardiac output and adequacy of ventilation. ⋯ These advances help to identify hemodynamic changes and allow for interventions before complications occur. In this manuscript, we highlight several important methods of non-invasive cardiopulmonary monitoring, including capnography, transcutaneous monitoring, pulse oximetry, and near infrared spectroscopy.
-
Clinics in chest medicine · Dec 2014
ReviewThe use of paralytics in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Interest in the role of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been renewed since a recent randomized clinical trial showed a reduction in mortality associated with the use of NMBAs. However, the role of paralytics in a protective mechanical ventilation strategy should be detailed. This review summarizes data in the literature concerning the clinical effects of NMBAs on the outcome of patients with ARDS, in an attempt to explain some pathophysiologic hypotheses concerning their action and to integrate them into the overall management strategy for the mechanical ventilation of ARDS patients.
-
Clinics in chest medicine · Dec 2014
ReviewBeyond low tidal volumes: ventilating the patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
The cornerstone of lung protective ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a pressure- and volume-limited strategy. Other interventions have also been investigated. ⋯ There is no benefit to the early use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) in patients with moderate/severe ARDS, although it may be considered as rescue therapy. Further investigations of novel methods of bedside monitoring of mechanical ventilation may help identify the optimal ventilatory strategy.
-
Review
Cardiorespiratory Interactions: The Relationship Between Mechanical Ventilation and Hemodynamics.
The overall goal of the cardiorespiratory system is to provide the organs and tissues of the body with an adequate supply of oxygen in relation to oxygen consumption. An understanding of the complex physiologic interactions between the respiratory and cardiac systems is essential to optimal patient management. ⋯ Oxygen delivery to all organs and tissues of the body should be optimized, but not necessarily maximized. The heart and lungs are, obviously, connected anatomically but also physiologically in a complex relationship.