Articles: mechanical-ventilation.
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Fundamental to respiratory care practice are airway management, noninvasive monitoring, and invasive mechanical ventilation. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature related to these topics in a manner that is most likely to have interest to the readers of Respiratory Care.
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Mar 2014
ReviewSpectrum and outcome predictors of central nervous system infections in a neurological critical care unit in India: a retrospective review.
There are few published studies on the spectrum and outcome of central nervous system (CNS) infection in the neurology intensive care unit (NICU). We report the spectrum of CNS infections in the NICU and the predictors of outcome. ⋯ Of patients admitted to the NICU during the study period, one-third had a CNS infection. Half of those with a CNS infection survived, and predictors of death were prolonged mechanical ventilation and prolonged hospital stay.
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Arch. Bronconeumol. · Mar 2014
ReviewWeaning from mechanical ventilation in paediatrics. State of the art.
Weaning from mechanical ventilation is one of the greatest volume and strength issues in evidence-based medicine in critically ill adults. In these patients, weaning protocols and daily interruption of sedation have been implemented, reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation and associated morbidity. ⋯ Several indices have been developed to predict the outcome of weaning. However, these have failed to replace clinical judgement, although some additional measurements could facilitate this decision.
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Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol. · Mar 2014
ReviewEpidemiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is among the most common and serious sequelae of preterm birth. BPD affects at least one-quarter of infants born with birth weights less than 1500 g. ⋯ The diagnosis of BPD predicts multiple adverse outcomes including chronic respiratory impairment and neurodevelopmental delay. This review summarizes the diagnostic criteria, incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcomes of BPD.
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Auto-positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a common but frequently unrecognized problem in critically ill patients. It has important physiologic consequences and can cause shock and cardiac arrest. ⋯ Sedation and fluid management are important adjunctive therapies. This analytic review discusses the prevalence, pathophysiology, and hemodynamic consequences of auto-PEEP and an approach to its treatment.