Articles: sulfamethoxazole-drug-combination-trimethoprim.
-
Comment Letter Case Reports
Hyperkalemia and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
-
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a frequently prescribed antibiotic with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. As a result of the increasing number of AIDS patients requiring therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, high dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole use had dramatically increased. A previously unreported and potentially lethal adverse reaction associated with high dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy, hyperkalemia, subsequently developed. ⋯ A prospective surveillance study of patients treated with standard dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as compared to similar controls treated with other antibiotics confirmed the rise in potassium concentration associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy. Patients with mild renal insufficiency were the only group at significant risk for more severe hyperkalemia. Hence, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy can be complicated by hyperkalemia regardless of the dose employed.
-
J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. · May 1996
Review Case ReportsTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-associated acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis: case report and review of drug-induced Sweet's syndrome.
Sweet's syndrome, or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is characterized by fever, neutrophilia, and painful erythematous cutaneous plaques that contain a dense neutrophilic dermal infiltrate. Although the disorder is usually idiopathic, patients with drug-induced Sweet's syndrome have been described. ⋯ All patients also exhibited a temporal relationship between drug administration and clinical presentation and between drug withdrawal and healing. In patients with drug-induced Sweet's syndrome, neutrophilia is often absent.
-
To determine the effect of standard-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on serum potassium concentration in hospitalized patients. ⋯ Standard-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy used to treat various infections leads to an increase in serum potassium concentration. A peak serum potassium concentration greater than 5.0 mmol/L developed in 62.5% of patients; severe hyperkalemia (peak serum potassium concentration > or = 5.5 mmol/L) occurred in 21.2% of patients. Patients treated with standard-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole should be monitored closely for the development of hyperkalemia, especially if they have concurrent renal insufficiency (serum creatinine level > or = 106 mumol/L).