Articles: pandemics.
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Meta Analysis
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: systemic review and meta-analysis.
In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination has been effective in preventing COVID-19 infections and related mortality. The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was also recommended by the international society for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, IBD patients were not recruited in prospective randomized clinical vaccine studies. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in IBD patients, we conducted this systemic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is effective and tolerated in preventing COVID-19 infections in IBD patients. Over 98% of patients had seroconversion after receiving all doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and the influence of biologics on vaccination was limited. The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is recommended for IBD patients.
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Curr Opin Crit Care · Apr 2022
ReviewAcute traumatic brain injury in frail patients: the next pandemic.
To highlight recent findings on the evaluation and impact of frailty in the management of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ The current review highlights the crucial importance of frailty evaluation in TBI, also given the changing epidemiology of this condition. To ensure adequate assessment, prevention and management, both in and outside hospital, there is an urgent need for a valid screening tool and a specific frailty-based and comorbidity-based clinical approach.
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Curr Opin Crit Care · Apr 2022
ReviewTreating the body to prevent brain injury: lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
We aim to provide the current evidence on utility and application of neuromonitoring tools including electroencephalography (EEG), transcranial Doppler (TCD), pupillometry, optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (cNIRS), somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs), and invasive intracranial monitoring in COVID-19. We also provide recent evidence on management strategy of COVID-19-associated neurological complications. ⋯ Early recognition using standardized neuromonitoring and timely intervention is important to reduce morbidity and mortality. The management strategy for neurological complications is similar to those without COVID-19.
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Southern medical journal · Apr 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialCOVID-19 Trials: Who Participates and Who Benefits?
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately afflicted vulnerable populations. Older adults, particularly residents of nursing facilities, represent a small percentage of the population but account for 40% of mortality from COVID-19 in the United States. Racial and ethnic minority individuals, particularly Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous Americans have experienced higher rates of infection and death than the White population. Although there has been an unprecedented explosion of clinical trials to examine potential therapies, participation by members of these vulnerable communities is crucial to obtaining data generalizable to those communities. ⋯ The high rate of nonparticipation in our trial of nursing facility residents and Black people emphasizes the concern that clinical trials for therapeutics may not target key populations with high mortality rates.
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In the context of COVID-19, the German CEOsys project (COVID-19 Evidenz Ökosystem, www.covid-evidenz.de ) identifies, evaluates and summarizes the results of scientific studies to obtain evidence on this disease. The evidence syntheses are used to derive specific recommendations for clinical practice and to contribute to national guidelines. Besides the necessity of conducting good quality evidence syntheses during a pandemic, just as important is that the dissemination of evidence needs to be quick and efficient, especially in a health crisis. The CEOsys project has set itself this challenge. ⋯ Even though universally valid, evidence syntheses should be actively brought to the target audience, especially during a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic with its exceptional challenges including lack of time and uncertainties in patient care. The contents should be clear, short (short versions, algorithms) and with free access. E‑mail newsletters, websites or medical journals should continuously report on new evidence syntheses. Professional societies and the governmental institute for infections and public health should be involved in dissemination due to their obvious trustworthiness.