Articles: surgery.
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Effective treatment of perioperative acute pain requires that information about the patient's goals for pain relief, previous history with analgesics, and type of surgical procedure is used to guide decisions about analgesic regimens. Analgesics are selected based on the location of surgery, degree of anticipated pain, and patient characteristics (such as comorbidities), and routes of administration and dosing schedules are determined to maximize the effectiveness and safety of analgesia while minimizing the potential for adverse events. ⋯ To accomplish this, nurses must have a thorough understanding of the pharmacology of analgesics. This article provides useful information for commonly used analgesics, primarily nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and local anesthetics for control of acute postoperative pain.
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J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. · Mar 2008
Clinical TrialIntraprocedural volume imaging of the left atrium and pulmonary veins with rotational X-ray angiography: implications for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.
The use of preprocedural CT or MR imaging to generate patient-specific cardiac anatomy greatly facilitates catheter ablation of the left atrium and pulmonary veins (LA-PVs) to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). This report details the accuracy and utility of an intraprocedural means to generate 3-D volumetric renderings of the LA-PV anatomy: contrast-enhanced rotational X-ray angiography (3DRA). ⋯ Intraprocedural contrast-enhanced rotational angiography provides volumetric 3-D images of the LA-PVs of comparable diagnostic value to dedicated preprocedural CT/MR imaging.
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The current gold standard for operatively treated acetabular fractures is open reduction and internal fixation. In this study we report the early results of percutaneous screw osteosynthesis of acetabular fractures in 14 cases, using a computer navigation system to reduce screw misplacement, approach associated risks and radiation exposure. ⋯ Our first experience with this novel approach is promising and serious advances of fluoroscopic navigated percutaneous screw osteosynthesis of well selected acetabular fractures can be expected.