Articles: surgery.
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In summary, many surgical procedures may be safely and comfortably performed utilizing regional anesthesia if only a few guidelines are followed as to choice and usage of local anesthetics. The success of a regional block will always be dependent upon correct needle placement by an experienced physician with good technical skills. However, the safety of the patient is not solely a function of experience. ⋯ Plastic surgery is recognized as a specialty that frequently utilizes local anesthetics for office and outpatient procedures. The manner in which these drugs are used or abused determines their clinical reputation as well as that of the physician. It is important to promote a correct understanding of local anesthetic compounds, not only among ourselves as physicians, but also among our patients, who are becoming ever more knowledgeable of medical practice as time goes on.
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Regional anesthesia in the head and neck area is a common and effective tool for the plastic surgeon. For short procedures, it offers the advantages of convenience and comfort to the patient. In many procedures, in addition, it offers advantages to the plastic surgeon over general anesthesia. ⋯ An attempt was made, however, to indicate one or two successful methods for each type of commonly used block so that when studied and practiced it can be expected to yield consistent results. Some repetition has been unavoidable because the intent has been to provide a relatively self-contained section for each block so that it may be as a reference without having to read the entire article. It is hoped that frequent practice will result in effective local and regional anesthesia in the head and neck area.
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The authors present a review of their experience of cranioplasty in cases showing of skull defects. Forty recent case reports were retained out of a total of 125 cases and of these, 15 showed neurological deficiency prior to cranioplasty. In 7 out of these 15 cases cranioplasty appeared to have no effect, but in the 8 remaining cases, an improvement in the neurological condition was observed. ⋯ The rate varying from 15 to 30% and this improvement was even observable in the case of small skull defects of the order of 10 cm2. The mechanism giving rise to such improvements is discussed; it may be related to cerebral hemodynamic normalization after skull restoration. The improvement in cerebral blood flow brought about by cranioplasty in all the cases studied suggests that this technique may be important not only for simple skull repair but also to improve neurological function.
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Aesthetic plastic surgery · Jan 1985
Complications with homologous fat grafts in breast augmentation surgery.
The most common complications in breast augmentation surgery with homologous fat grafts obtained from fresh cadavers are presented, showing subsequent surgical procedures to reconstruct the breasts of such patients through use of silicone prostheses and muscle flaps from the latissimus dorsi.