Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
-
Postconcussion syndrome (PCS) is usually underestimated in cases of mild head injury (MHI). It is one of the most common causes of physical, cognitive, and psychomotor disturbances that affect the quality of life, work, and social reintegration of individuals. Until now, we did not have evidence of structural abnormalities shown by traditional imaging methods. We describe a series of instruments that confirm PCS with satisfactory evidence. ⋯ This first diagnostic strategy supports with scientific evidence the presence of PCS in MHI. We identified physical and neuropsychological abnormalities from this group, affecting the areas of memory and learning. Evidence of neurometabolite disturbances were found specifically in the frontal lobe. It is necessary to complete comparative follow-up for an extended period of time. The neuropsychological and spectroscopy tests allow us to confirm the diagnosis of a syndrome that is usually neglected.
-
The main goal of exhaustively monitoring neurocritical patients is to avoid secondary injury. In the last few years we have witnessed an increase in brain monitoring tools, beyond the checking of intracranial and brain perfusion pressures. ⋯ Awareness and correction of brain hypoxia is a useful and interesting measure, not only for diagnostic purposes but also when deciding treatment, and to predict an outcome. In this context, it would be of great interest to use all the information gathered from brain oxygenation monitoring systems in conjunction with other available multimodal monitoring devices, in order to offer individualized treatment for each patient.
-
Comparative Study
Long-term comparison of GOS-E scores in patients treated with phenytoin or levetiracetam for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury.
Much debate exists on the optimal medication for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). There is some evidence that levetiracetam (LEV) could be neuroprotective and provide long-term benefits in this patient population. ⋯ Long-term functional outcome in patients who experienced a TBI was not affected by treatment with PHT or LEV; however, patients treated with PHT had a higher incidence of fever during hospitalization.
-
To study blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) characteristics in confined space. ⋯ Blast-induced traumatic brain injury can be induced by a complex blast wave with a pressure and duration of 45/71 kPa and 2.7/2.367 milliseconds. Its severity is related to the features and waveforms of the blast.
-
TBI causes localized cerebral ischemia that, in turn, is accompanied by both changes in BBB permeability and recruitment of CD34(+) cells to the injured tissue. However, it remains unknown whether CD34(+) cell recruitment is linked to BBB permeability. This study is a preliminary investigation into possible correlations between CD34(+) cell recruitment and BBB permeability following TBI in a rat model. ⋯ The negative linear correlation between CD34(+) cell recruitment and BBB permeability following TBI provides a support for further study of CD34(+) cell transplantation for BBB repair after TBI.