Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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We investigated whether early electroencephalographic features predicted intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebrovascular pressure reactivity, brain tissue oxygenation, and functional outcomes in patients with pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Increased electroencephalographic suppression percentage on the initial day of monitoring may identify patients with pediatric TBI at risk of increased ICP, inefficient cerebrovascular pressure reactivity, and unfavorable outcomes.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Jun 2023
Acute blood levels of neurofilament light indicate one-year white matter pathology and functional impairment in repetitive mild traumatic brain injured mice.
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) mostly causes transient symptoms, but repeated (r)mTBI can lead to neurodegenerative processes. Diagnostic tools to evaluate the presence of ongoing occult neuropathology are lacking. In a mouse model of rmTBI, we investigated MRI and plasma biomarkers of brain damage before chronic functional impairment arose. ⋯ The NfL levels were higher in mice subjected to short (2 days) compared with longer (7 and 14 days) inter-injury intervals (p < 0.05), and this correlated with hyperactivity in mice (Pearson r = 0.50; p < 0.05). These findings show that rmTBI causes white matter pathology detectable by MRI before chronic functional impairment. Early quantification of plasma NfL correlates with the degree of white matter atrophy one year after rmTBI and can serve to monitor the brain's susceptibility to a second mTBI, supporting its potential clinical application to guide the return to practice in sport-related TBI.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Jun 2023
Multicenter StudyIndications for prehospital intubation among severely injured children and the prevalence of significant traumatic brain injury among those intubated due to impaired level of consciousness.
Prehospital endotracheal intubation (PEI) of head injured children with impaired level of consciousness (LOC) aims to minimize secondary brain injury. However, PEI is controversial in otherwise stable children. We aimed to investigate the indications for PEI among pediatric trauma patients and the prevalence of clinically significant traumatic brain injury (csTBI) among those intubated solely due to impaired consciousness. ⋯ Impaired LOC is a major indication for PEI. However, a significant proportion of these patients do not suffer csTBI. Older age and lower pre-intubation GCS are associated with more accurate field classification. Our data indicate that further investigation and better characterization of patients who may benefit from PEI is necessary.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Jun 2023
Tau, β-amyloid, and glucose metabolism following service-related Traumatic Brain Injury in Vietnam war veterans: The AIBL-VETS study.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common among military veterans and has been associated with an increased risk of dementia. It is unclear if this is due to increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other mechanisms. This case control study sought evidence for AD, as defined by the 2018 National Institute on Aging - Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) research framework, by measuring tau, β-amyloid, and glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET) in veterans with service-related TBI. ⋯ There were no significant nor trending differences in β-amyloid or tau levels or 18F-FDG uptake between the TBI and control groups before and after controlling for covariates. The β-amyloid and tau findings were replicated in the DOD ADNI validation cohort and persisted when the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle study of aging-Veterans study (AIBL-VETS) and DOD ADNI cohorts were combined (114 TBI vs. 87 controls in total). In conclusion, no increase in the later life accumulation of the neuropathological markers of AD in veterans with a remote history of TBI was identified.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jun 2023
Traumatic Brain Injury among Patients Admitted in Neurosurgical Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Traumatic brain injuries are one of the leading causes of mortality, morbidity, and economic burden in context to Nepal. Non-contrast computed tomography is used for rapid diagnosis and repeat computed tomography helps to detect the progression and complications of cerebral injury. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of traumatic brain injury among patients admitted in the neurosurgical unit in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ contusion; craniotomy; traumatic brain injury.